COVER CROPS J WINTER CARE 77 



and rye, twenty pounds; alfalfa, fifteen pounds, and 

 red, mammoth or crimson clover, seven and one-half 

 pounds. ' ' 



Many other combinations may be used successfully. 

 The object should be to use such a mixture of crops 

 that a part at least shall live over winter. A few of 

 the foregoing combinations contain all fall crops and 

 for that reason are not so desirable as though they 

 contained a part of those that live through the winter 

 and grow in the spring. Oats, one bushel, crimson 

 clover, ten pounds, is by many fruit-growers con- 

 sidered a good combination. For cold climates try 

 the following: Hairy vetch, forty pounds; oats (or rye), 

 thirty pounds. Crimson clover often winter-kills. 



FAI,I,, WINTER AND SPRING CARE. This consists 

 of several things, the most important of which are : 

 Protection against injury by mice or rabbits ; protec- 

 tion against sun-scald ; protection against live stock ; 

 careful oversight of drains and drainage ; safeguard- 

 ing, so far as possible, against late spring frosts at 

 blossoming time ; and hunting for borers. Hints on 

 these and other subjects will be found in the following 



HElyPS FOR FRUIT-GROWERS. 



A bolt put in, now, may save nine bushels of fruit later. Split 

 trees and dangerous crotches need attention. Bolts are cheap. 

 Use 'em. 



Winter and early spring- afford excellent chances to find and 

 destroy all cocoons, egg clusters, etc., on fruit trees. Make a 

 practise of doing this each year. It pays. 



Be careful not to let the cover crop grow so late in the spring 

 that it pulls all the moisture out of the soil. Rye, etc., should 

 be plowed under before it becomes tall and woody. 



Cows, sheep, etc., have no good excuse for being in an 

 orchard at any time. There's always danger that they will bark 

 the trees, especially when green forage is absent. 



