THE APPiyE 85 



Leaf roller, leaf crumpler, and leaf skeletonizer : 

 These three pests can be killed with an arsenical 

 spray. 



Scale lice : San Jose, oyster-shell, and scurfy. See 

 Chapter VIII for remedies. 



Ten t- caterpillar : The well-known "nest" worm 

 found on trees in early summer. Remedies : Tie a 

 piece of cloth around one end of a long stick, saturate 

 the cloth with kerosene, ignite, and with this torch 

 quickly burn each silky tent of worms ; do this in 

 early morning or just before nightfall, so as to be 

 sure that all the worms are ' ' at home " ; an arsenical 

 spray is also helpful. 



Woolly aphis : There are two forms of this insect ; 

 one attacks the roots, as told in Chapter III ; the 

 other occurs in masses of white, woolly substance on 

 the limbs and trunks. Beneath each woolly mass will 

 be found a number of yellowish lice. Remedies : 

 Kerosene emulsion, tobacco solution, or scalding hot 

 water. 



PRINCIPAL, FUNGOUS PESTS. Powdery mildew: 

 Whitish blotches sometimes found, about midsummer, 

 on terminal shoots and leaves, which soon spread 

 over most of the new growth. Remedy : Bordeaux 

 mixture. 



Rot : This trouble is also called ' ' bitter rot, " ' ' ripe 

 rot, " ' ' apple rot, ' ' etc. ; it attacks the fruit before the 

 ripening period, causing decayed brown spots ; usually 

 the infected specimens drop to the ground, although 

 some of them shrivel up' and stay on the tree all 

 winter, thus carrying the fungous spores to the next 

 year's crop. Remedies : Destroy fallen fruit; remove 



