THK APPI<E 87 



Canker is a fungous or bacterial trouble which 

 causes cracked or sunken irregular dead places to 

 appear on the bark or limbs, in crotches, and some- 

 times in such form as practically to girdle small 

 branches. Cut out and burn such small branches. 

 If large cankers appear on trunk or main limbs, cut 

 out the diseased places with a sharp knife, swab out 

 and disinfect the wounds with corrosive sublimate 

 solution (one tablet dissolved in one pint of water), 

 and, when dry, cover the places with thick lead-and-oil 

 paint. Do this early in the season. Renew the paint 

 each year until wounds heal. Disinfect knife after 

 such use. Remember that corrosive sublimate is 

 poison. 



Collar rot most often attacks King and Spitzen- 

 burg trees, and diseased trees should be treated as 

 advised for canker. (Note : Top-grafting these va- 

 rieties on, say, Spy stocks, would secure new trees 

 less liable to this disease of the bark at the base of 

 the trunk.) 



A WISE ''COMBINATION" SPRAYING SYSTKM. 

 The up-to-date grower does not often consider each 

 insect and fungous pest separately. No. He plans a 

 spraying campaign which pretty nearly hits them all 

 (except borers, aphis, etc. ) . Here is a good system : 

 First spraying, Bordeaux, in spring before leaf buds 

 open ; second spraying (if bud worms, canker worms 

 or curculios are abundant), Bordeaux-arsenical mix- 

 ture, just before blossoms open ; third spraying, Bor- 

 deaux-arsenical mixture immediately after blossoms 

 fall ; fourth, repeat same mixture at end of one 

 week ; Bordeaux alone, two weeks later, may make 



