Betula, continued 



Michigan and Montana. Leaves ovate, sharply serrate, 

 dark green, turning yellow in autumn. A beautiful 

 tree and one that is freely planted in the North. 



B. populifolia. AMERICAN WHITE BIRCH. A small or 

 medium-sized tree with papery, white bark and slender, 

 pendulous branches. Distributed from Nova Scotia 

 and Ontario, southward through New England to Dela- 

 ware and New York. Leaves nearly triangular, the 

 borders serrate, dark green and lustrous, turning pale 

 yellow in autumn. A graceful but comparatively short- 

 lived tree, thriving in dry, poor soil. 



Broussonetia The Paper 

 Mulberry 



A rapid-growing ornamental tree that is culti- 

 vated in Asia for paper-making. Thrives best when 

 planted in moist rich soil in sheltered positions. A 

 tree capable of withstanding the deleterious effects 

 of smoke or gases, consequently well adapted to 

 the conditions of smoky towns and cities. 



Broussonetia papyrifera. PAPER MULBERRY. A tree 

 with a broad round head commonly cultivated in the 

 Southern States, and capable of withstanding depres- 

 sions a few degrees below zero. Native of China. 

 Leaves heart-shaped, long-petioled, the borders coarsely 

 toothed, or often deeply lobed. Bark grayish green, 

 blotched with brown. 



Carpinus The Hornbeams 



Hardy ornamental trees that thrive in almost any 

 soil or situation. They bear severe pruning without 

 detriment, and both species are remarkably free 

 from the attacks of insects. As specimen trees they 

 are perhaps seen at their best in proximity to 

 water. 



Carpinus betulus. EUROPEAN HORNBEAM. A hardy 

 and very ornamental tree with a dense round head. 

 Native of Europe. Leaves ovate-oblong, sharply ser- 

 rate with impressed veins, fading in. autumn with tones 

 of yellow and brown, and remaining on through the 

 winter. Stands clipping remarkably well, and for this 

 reason is often used for tall hedges or pillars to a formal 

 entrance. 



C. caroliniana. AMERICAN HORNBEAM. BLUE BEECH. 

 A bushy tree with a dense round head. Distributed 

 from Ontario and Georgian Bay to Florida, and west- 

 ward to Texas and Minnesota. Leaves 



ovate - oblong, sharply serrate, dull 

 bluish green above, yellow-green below, 

 turning orange and scarlet in autumn. 

 Makes an attractive specimen tree. 

 Splendid for tall hedges and for clipping 

 to sharp lines. The bark of the trunk 

 strongly resembles that of the Beech. 



Castanea 



The Chestnuts and Chin- 

 quapin 



Hardy ornamental trees with 

 pleasing foliage and attractive 

 flowers. In addition to their 

 ornamental qualities, all of the 

 species are more or less valu- 

 able for their edible nuts. They grow 

 best in well-drained soils with sunny 

 exposures. The named varieties of the 

 Spanish Chestnut are grafted. 



Caslanea dentata (C. americana). AMERI- 

 CAN CHESTNUT. A large and beautiful tree 

 with stout, spreading branches, forming a 



Castanea pumila 

 23 



broad, round-topped head. Distributed from New Eng- 

 land and the Great Lakes to Georgia and Mississippi. 

 Leaves broadly lanceolate, coarsely serrate, bright 

 green, turning yellow in autumn. Flowers showy, 

 opening in June or July. Nuts sweeter than those of 

 any other variety. A noble shade tree. 



C. japonica. JAPANESE CHESTNUT. A small tree with 

 a dense oval crown. Native of China and Japan. 

 Leaves glossy green, long pointed, the margins serrate 

 with bristle-tipped teeth. Fruit very large, the indi- 

 vidual nuts over an inch wide. Begins to bear fruit 

 when six or eight years old. The nuts are not so sweet 

 as those of the American Chestnut. 



C. pumila. CHINQUAPIN. A large shrub or small 

 round-topped tree, distributed from Pennsylvania to 

 Florida, westward to Arkansas and Texas. Leaves 

 oblong-oval, coarsely serrate, bright green, turning 

 dull yellow in autumn. Flowers showy, appearing in 

 May or June. Fruit usually solitary. Valuable for dry, 

 poor soils. 



C. saliva. SPANISH CHESTNUT. A vigorous-growing 

 tree with a broad round head. Native of Europe and 

 Asia. Leaves broadly lanceolate, coarsely serrate, 

 bright green, fading with tones of yellow. Flowers 

 showy, appearing in June. Nuts very large, but in- 

 ferior in flavor to those of the American Chestnut. A 

 number of horticultural forms are often planted for 

 their profuse crop of large nuts. We have the varieties 

 Paragon and Ridgley, which may be selected if pre- 

 ferred. 



Catalpa The Catalpas 



Several of the species of this interesting group 

 have been extensively planted in the Middle and 

 Western States for the durable qualities of their 

 wood, which is used for fence posts and cross ties. 

 As ornamental trees they are very attractive, both 

 on account of the large showy flowers and the long, 

 slender seed-pods. Catalpas thrive in almost any 

 soil which is moist. 



Catalpa bignonioides. CATALPA, OR INDIAN BEAN. A 

 tree with showy flowers and stout, brittle branches, 

 forming a broad crown. Native of the Southern States. 

 Leaves large, the borders usually entire, broadly ovate, 

 light green, falling with the first frosts. Flowers, which 

 open in June and July, in large, many-flowered panicles, 

 white with yellow and purple spots, nearly two inches 

 broad. Fruit 10 to 18 inches long, pendent. 



C. bignonioides aurea. GOLDEN CA- 

 TALPA. A form of the last with yellow 

 foliage, contrasting strongly with the 

 greenery of other trees. 



C. bignonioides nana (C. bungei). 

 ROUND -HEADED CATALPA. A dense 

 round-headed bush, grafted high on a 

 straight, upright stem. Very hardy and 

 effective ; much used in formal gardens, 

 having the outlines of the standard Bay 

 Trees. 



C. ovata (C. kezmpferi). JAPA- 

 NKSE CATALPA. A small tree 

 of great hardiness from China. 

 Leaves heart-shaped, often 

 slightly lobed, bright green, fal- 

 ling after the first frosts. Flowers 

 in large panicles, fragrant, white, 

 with internal spots. Seed-pods 

 long and slender. 



C. speciosa. WESTERN CATALPA. A 

 large or medium -sized tree of great 

 hardiness. Distributed from Illinois to 

 Tennessee and Missouri. Naturalized 

 farther South. Leaves oval, mostly en- 

 tire, dark green, falling after the first frosts. 

 Flowers in May or June, borne in large, com- 

 paratively few-flowered panicles, white, with yellow 

 and purple spots, two inches or more broad. Fruit 

 10 to 18 inches long. Widely planted, both as a tim- 

 ber tree and as an ornamental. 



