Quercus, continued 



in autumn. Acorn very large, but slightly 

 enclosed in the shallow cup. A grand 

 specimen or street tree and one of the 

 most rapid-growing Oaks. 



Q. velutina. BLACK OAK. A tall and 

 shapely tree with a comparatively narrow 

 round -topped head. Occurs naturally 

 from Maine to Minnesota 

 southward to Florida anc 

 Texas. Leaves mostly j-lobe 

 the divisions bearing several 

 bristle-tipped teeth. They are 

 bright red when they unfold, 

 becoming pale and silvery ; at 

 maturity dark green and 

 shining, fading in autumn with 

 tones of orange and dull red. 

 Acorn brown, often striped 

 with dark lines, enclosed for 

 about half its length in the top- 

 shaped cup. A handsome tree. 



Rhamnus The 

 Buckthorns 



Attractive small trees thriv- 

 ing in almost any soil. They 



are relatively hardy, but in the extreme North should 

 be protected from cold winds. When loaded with 

 berries they are remarkably beautiful objects. 

 Other species of Buckthorn will be found under 

 " Deciduous Shrubs." 



Rhamnus caroliniana. CAROLINA BUCKTHORN. A 

 small tree or large shrub with small spreading branches. 

 Grows from Virginia to Florida, westward to Kansas 

 and Texas. Leaves oblong or elliptical, bright green, 

 turning yellow in autumn. Berries at first red, changing 

 to black, in great profusion, usually remaining on the 

 branches until early winter. A very showy and attrac- 

 tive little tree. 



R. purshtana. COFFEE-BERRY. A 

 small tree or large shrub with 

 ascending or spreading branches. 

 Grows naturally from Puget Sound 

 to Montana, southward to California. 

 Hardy in New England. Leaves 

 elliptical, dark green, turning 

 pale yellow in late autumn. 

 Berries changing from red 

 to black. 



Rhus 



The Sumac Trees 



These beautiful orna- 

 mentals have not been 

 planted as extensively as 

 they should be, in view 

 of their brilliant color 

 tones and graceful out- 

 lines. They thrive in any 

 well-drained soil and are 

 very hardy. 



Rhus copallina. UPLAND 

 SUMAC. A small tree, or 

 more frequently a shrub. 

 Distributed from New Eng- 

 land to Florida, westward 

 to Kansas and Texas. 

 Leaves compound, with 9 

 to 19 leaflets, the main stalk 

 winged between the leaflets, 

 dark green and lustrous, 

 fading in autumn with tones 

 of ruddy brown. Fruiting 

 panicles fully grown and 



Berries of 

 Rhamnus caroliniana 



Rhus glabra 

 38 



bright red by early autumn, often persisting 

 until the following spring. A valuable orna- 

 mental. 



I. cotinoides. CHITTAM-WOOD. A small and 

 widely branched tree with a short trunk, 

 usually divided near the base into several erect 

 stems, forming an open crown. Distributed 

 from Alabama and Tennessee to Missouri and 

 Texas. Leaves simple, oval or obovate, light 

 purple when very young, at maturity dark 

 green, fading in autumn with 

 brilliant tones of scarlet and 

 orange. Flowers greenish yel- 

 low, in compound panicles, soon 

 followed by the feathery fruiting 

 stage. A hardy and interesting 

 tree. 



R. cotinus. SMOKE TREE. A 

 small tree or large shrub with 

 obovate leaves. Native of 

 Europe and Asia. Flowers 

 pale purple, borne in loose pan- 

 icles, the pedicels of which soon 

 lengthen and become plumose, 

 lending the smoky aspect 

 which gave to the plant its 

 common name. A highly orna- 

 mental object. In autumn the 

 foliage assumes brilliant tones 

 of red and yellow. 



R. glabra. SMOOTH SUMAC. 

 A shrub or low tree with an 

 open crown. Distributed over 

 the United States and Canada. 

 Leaves compound, with n to 31 

 lanceolate leaflets, dark green 

 above, whitened beneath, turning brilliant scarlet in 

 autumn. Flowers in large terminal panicles, soon fol- 

 lowed by the crimson fruiting clusters, which persist 

 all winter. Beautiful for massive effects. 



R. glabra laciniata. CUT-LEAVED SUMAC. A low-grow- 

 ing form with fern-like leaves. Very beautiful in effect. 

 Brilliantly colored in autumn. 



R. hirta. STAGHORN SUMAC. A small tree, or 

 more frequently a large shrub. Occurs from 

 New Brunswick to Minnesota, southward to 

 Georgia and Mississippi. Leaves compound, 

 with 1 1 to 31 leaflets, dark green above, pale or 

 whitened beneath, fading in autumn with brilliant 

 tones of scarlet, crimson, purple and 

 orange. Fruiting panicles fully grown 

 and brilliantly colored with crimson 

 in late summer, persisting until 

 the following sprinp Very 

 showy. 



R. semialata (R. osbecki). 

 JAPANESE SUMAC. A shrub 

 or low tree, under favorable 

 conditions growing to a 

 height of 15 or 20 feet. Na- 

 tive of Japan. Leaves com- 

 pound, with 9 to 13 leaflets, 

 the main stalk winged be- 

 tween the leaflets, dark 

 glossy green, turning bril- 

 liant orange and red in 

 autumn. Flowers creamy 

 white, borne in large termi- 

 nal panicles. 



Robinia 



The Locust Trees 



Rapid - growing trees 

 with showy flowers, thriv- 

 ing in any well -drained 

 soil. They are hardy, 

 graceful objects with 

 feathery foliage, adapted 

 to sunny situations in the 



