Vlll CONTENTS. 



Suggestions : How the Native Wild Animals Should be 

 Studied — Birds — Fishes — Spiders — Plants — Window 

 Gardening — Germination of Seeds — Study of Seeds — 

 Buds — Markings on a Beech Twig — Physiology, Com- 

 parison of Structures , 76-90 



Observational Geography — Weather Records — Clouds, Winds 

 — Soil: Classes, Water Capacity, Capillarity, Conductivity, 

 Texture, Drainage, etc.— Water : Forms, Ice, Vapor, 

 Hardness, Testing Purity, etc. — Glass — Heating and 

 Ventilation 90-114 



Ontario, Form IV ; Manitoba, Grades Seven ami Eight 114-118 



Suggestions : Nature Study, Intensive and Extensive — 

 Where It Merges into Science — Bird Life : Helpful Books, 

 Bird Phenologies — Topics for the Study of Birds 118-124 



Insects : Reasons for Studying, Time and Method, Living 

 Insects Needed — Insectaries — The Puddle Butterfly as a 

 Sample Lesson in the Use of Printed Information — Grass- 

 hopper — Mosquito — Honey Bee — Artificial Ant-Nests — 

 Apple-tree Tent Caterpillar— Swallow-tail Butterfly — 

 Cecropia — Tomato Worm — Milk- weed Butterfly — Example 

 of Comparison, Grasshopper and Dragon Fly — Topics for 

 the Study of Insects — Helpful Books— Other Animals, 

 Squirrels, Snakes - 124-141 



Plant Ecology — Plant Societies — Relations to Moisture and 

 Light— Propagation— Dispersion of Seeds — Making Collec- 

 tions of Seeds— Cuttings — Budding — Grafting — Planting a 

 Tree — How Plants Work — Nutrient Solutions — Plant 

 Life-histories , 141-158 



School Gardens— The Sir William Macdonald Gardens — Nova 

 Scotia Gardens — Values, Correlations and Plans of School 

 Gardens 158-164 



Field Excursions — Ottawa Model School's Method 164-166 



Phenochrons and Phenology— The Weather— The Nova Scotia 



plan and schedules— Superintendent McKay quoted 166-170 



Mineral and Rocks — Where to get them — Aids to Teaching — 

 Sample Lesson — Atmosphore — Combustion — Carbon 

 dioxide Experiments 170-176 



