THE SULPHUR BUTTERFLY. 129 



26. Watch the performance going on now beneath that branch. 

 The larva is changing into a pupa. Describe the process. 



27. This kind of pupa is called a chrysalis. Describe and draw it. 



28. Make daily observations to note when any change occurs. When 

 and what is the first one ? 



29. At last some child exclaims " Teacher ! see the butterfly 

 coming out ! " 



These questions are based on a sketch of the life-history of 

 the familiar Clouded Sulphur, by Dr. Fletcher, in the " Ottawa 

 Naturalist," and are intended to show how a teacher may use 

 such excellent helps to the knowledge of insects or any other 

 class of objects. 1st, carefully study, read and re-read, the 

 writer's account ; 2nd, work out a clear idea of the material 

 required ; 3rd, devise the means of having the pupils collect 

 or provide the material, if possible; this part is usually one of 

 the most educative; 4th, give directions and questions to 

 stimulate investigation, but give no information that you can 

 get the children to discover ; 5th, investigate every point 

 yourself; take nothing on trust; you will find out now and 

 again, maybe often, that the phenomenon is quite different 

 from what you supposed from the book account, but when you 

 go back and read the book again you may find that it was 

 right, but you had misunderstood it ; 6th, as opportunity 

 offers, judiciously excite the sympathies of the pupils and 

 warmly express your admiration of beauty in their hearing ; 

 7th, require a full and independent expression of the study by 

 each pupil, calling into exercise as many modes of expression 

 as are applicable. 



Besides the dates and drawings the following, if read with 

 the questions, may be the substance of a pupil's expression of 

 the study of the " puddler " : — 



(1) Shows a yellow, beautifully marked, fusiform object. (2) Pink. 

 (3) Crimson. (4) Leaden. (5) Eating a hole in the end of the shell. 

 (6) An hour. (7) Eats it for its first meal. (8) 2 mm. long. (9) Body 



