The Old-English Element in the Names of the Places. 165 



clature telling us the history of the people and the country ; — in 

 Hengistbury Head, on the south-west, reminding us of the 

 white horse — the Hengest of the High-German,* and Calshot 

 at the east, spelt as we know in Edward I.'s time, Kalkesore ; 

 on the north-west in Charford — the old Cerdices-ford of The 

 Chronicle ; on the south in Darrat (Danes-rout) and Dane- 

 stream, whose waters, the peasant maintains, still run red with 

 the blood of the conquered. 



Everywhere we meet similar compounds, — in Needsore, 

 which the Ordnance map spells Needs-oar, and thus loses the 

 etymology, which, like the Needle Rocks, means simply the under 

 (German nieder) shore ; in the various Galley Hills, corrupted 

 into Gallows Hills, which have nothing to do with the later, but 

 the older instrument, which contained the signal -fires, and are 

 connected with the words " galley," f to frighten, and " galley- 

 baggar," a scarecrow, both still heard every day, from the Old- 

 English gcelan. 



"VVe find the same impress in Lyndhurst, Brockenhurst, 

 Ashurst, and, as we have before said, in various other hursts, | in 

 the different Holmsleys, Netleys,§ Beckleys, Bentleys, Bratleys, 



* In the charter of confirmation of Baldwin de Redvers to the Con- 

 ventual House of Christcliiirch, quoted in Dugdale's Monanticon Atiglicumuii, 

 vol. iii., part i., p. 304, and by Warner, vol. ii., Appendix, p. 47, it is called 

 lledenes Buria, which may suggest that the word is only a corruption. I 

 do not for one moment wish to insist on the personal reality of" Hengest, 

 but simply to notice the iact of the High-German word for a horse being 

 prominent in the topography of a people whose ancestors used so many 

 High-German words. See Donaldson, Cambridge Esauys, 185G, pp. 45-48. 



t On this word as explaming Shakspeare's"gallow" in King Laa?- {act iii. 

 sc. 2), see Trcmsuctioiis of the Philological Society., part i., 18.>8, pp. \'2'.i, Vl-i. 



X See ch. iii., ]). 3;3. 



§ In the parish of Eling we have Netley Down and Netley Down-field, 

 the Nutlei of Domesday. Upon this word — which we find, also, in the 



