260 The New Forest : its History and its Scenery. 



slightest ground, to be descendants of the Spanish horses which 

 swam ashore from the disabled ships of the Armada. 



And now for the ornithology. The thick woods, the lonely 

 moors and holts, attract the birds of prey ; the streams and 

 marshes the waders ; whilst the estuaries of the Beaulieu, and 

 Lymington, and Christchurch rivers, and the Solent, afford a 

 shelter in winter to the geese and ducks driven from the north. 



Again, too, the peculiar mildness of the climate has its effect 

 on the birds as well as the plants. The martin and the swallow 

 come early in March and stay till the end of November ; that is 

 to say, remain full three-quarters of the year. I have heard, too, 

 the cuckoo as early as April 11th and as late as July the 12th. 

 The warblers, whose arrival depends so much on the south-east 

 winds, may not come earlier than in other parts of England. 

 They certainly, however, in the southern and more cultivated 

 parts, where food is plentiful, stay here later than in the Midland 

 Counties ; and I have heard the whitethroat singing, as on a 

 spring day, in the middle of October. 



We will begin with the birds of prey. Gilpin (vol. ii. p. 294) 

 mentions a pair of golden eagles, which, for many years, at 

 times frequented King's Wood, and a single specimen, killed 

 near Ashley Lodge. These, however, with the exception of 

 one shot some twenty years ago over Christchurch Harbour, are 

 the last instances of a bird, which can now be seldom seen 

 except in the north of Scotland. Yarrell,* too, notices that the 

 sea eagle {Aquila alhicilla) is sometimes a visitor in the district, 

 but though I have been down under the Hordle and Barton Cliffs, 

 day after day, for often six months together, I have never seen a 

 specimen. It, however, sometimes occurs in the winter, and is 



* Vol. i p. 26. 



