CROPS 



59 



CHOLAM. 



(Sorghum vulgare.) 



Tamil ... 

 Telugu .. 

 Kanarese 

 Malayalam 

 Hindustani 

 Oriya ... 

 Tulu ... 



Cholam. 



Jonnalu. 



Jola. 



Cholam. 



Juari. 



Jonna. 



Ari Jola 



Area in Madras— 5,219,700 acres. 



Varieties— Numerous : see Bulletin No. 55, Department 

 of Agriculture, Madras. It is grown as a dry or irrigated 

 crop on almost any class of soil. It is also grown thickly 

 as a fodder crop when it is not intended to produce grain. 



Seed-rate— 10 to 15 lb. Irrigated 20 to 35 lb. ; for fodder 

 up to 100 lb. 



Volume weight— 1 M.M. weighs 3*1 lb. 



Husk to grain— 14 per cent by weight. 



Weight of seed — 1,000 seeds weigh 25 to 30 grammes. 



Number of seeds in t lb. — 15,900. 



Germination capacity— 95 per cent. 



Yield— Average produce of garden lands — 2,000 to 3,000 

 lb. of grain, 5,000 to 7,000 lb. of straw. 



Dry lands : grain 1,000 lb. per acre in best black soils ; 

 700 in good red soils ; down to 300 lb. in dry tracts of Ceded 

 Districts. 



BULRUSH OR SPIKED MILLET. 



Area in Madras— 3,606,300 acres. 



There are long and short duration varieties : varieties are 

 also known in which the grain thrashes free of the husk 

 (Arisikumbu). The crop is grown either under dry or garden 

 conditions. The former is sown during the monsoon seasons, 

 and the latter during the hot weather : as a dry crop it gene- 

 rally occupies poor soils, save in Tinnevelly and Kamnad, 

 where it takes the place of cholam on black soils. It has 



