116 LIVE-STOCK 



animal is off feed, rumination suspended, temperature rising 

 very high as 108° to 109° F. There is hurried breathing with 

 great distress, and often a bloody discharge from the nostrils 

 and bowels. Large swellings of a tense nature appear at the 

 throat, in the dewlap and sometimes over the fetlocks and 

 shoulder. In some cases the throat swelling is so great that 

 the animal is totally unable to breathe or swallow. The 

 tongue swells up very much and hangs out. The mouth is 

 frothy, the visible mucous membranes are purple coloured, 

 and death often occurs in a few hours. In the other two 

 forms the lungs and digestive organs aie chiefly affected, the 

 animal having an acute pneumonia and pleurisy in the lung 

 form and inflammation of the alimentary canal in the third 

 form. 



The disease often occurs in an area as an outbreak and 

 is worst on marshy low-lying pastures and badly drained 

 and ill-ventilated sheds. 



Treatment is not of much avail. Preventive measures to 

 be adopted are segregating the sick animals, and removing 

 from unhealthy surroundings. Treat sick animals with a 

 dram of carbolic acid in a pint of linseed or castor oil inter- 

 nally or soda hyposulphate 1 oz. morning and evening in 

 drinking water. Tincture of iodine, liniments and fomenta- 

 tions may be applied to the swellings. Healthy animals 

 may be protected by subcutaneous injection of anti- 

 Hjemorrhagic Septicemic serum. 



This disease can be differentiated from Rinderpest by the 

 absence of mouth lesions and sudden onset of symptoms. 

 The carcases of animals affected with this disease have to be 

 disposed of in the same way as Anthrax and disinfection car- 

 ried out the same manner. 



A nth rax.— This is a specific contagious disease attacking 

 cattle and other domestic animals. It is caused by the pre- 

 sence of an organism in the blood called Bacillus authracis. 

 The disease is nighly fatal (95 — 99 per cent) and runs a rapid 

 course from a few hours to a few days. It is communicable 

 to man. It appears mostly in two forms. 



Splenic form. — This form is called splenic fever and is 

 characterised by a very high fever, discharge of bloody fasces 

 and high coloured urine, and tympany ; death ensues in 

 a few hours. In many instances animals seen apparently in 

 good health a few hours before are found dead suddenlv. 

 On pos£-raorte/rc"examination the spleen is found considerably 

 enlarged, and distended with tarry blood. 



Enteric form. — All the above mentioned symptoms are 

 noticed and in addition there is severe colic and dark coloured 



