CONTENTS. 11 



FAGE 



172 — The depressor nerve of the heart, 172 — Analysis of the effect of stimulation of 

 the depressor nerve, 173 — Keflex etTeet of sensory nerves on the heart, 175 — Reflex 

 effects through the sympathetic system on the heart, 175. 



B. The Centres of the Heart-nerves 170 



The inhibitory centre, 176 — Tonus of the inhibitory centre, 176 — Origin of the car- 



dio-inhibitory fibres, 177 — Position of the augmentor centre, 177 — Action of higher 

 parts of the brain on the cardiac centres, 178— The existence of peripheral reflex 

 centres, 178 — Ligatures of Stan n ins, 17."v 



Part III.— The Nutrition of the Heart (By W. T. Porter) 179 



Spongy structure of frog's heart, 179— The coronary arteries iu the dog, 179 — The 

 terminal nature of coronary arteries, 180— The effect of closure of the coronary arte- 

 ries, 181 — The cause of the arrest of the heart after closure of the coronary arteries, 

 182— Fibrillary contractions and recovery from, 183— Closure of the coronary veins, 

 184 — The volume of the coronary circulation, 184— The effect of the heart-eontractious 

 on the coronary circulation, 185 — The vessels of Thebesius and the coronary veins, 

 186— Blood-supply and heart-beat, 186— Lymphatics of the heart, 186. 



C. Solutions which Maintain the Beat of the Heart 187 



Methods of nourishing the heart with solutions, 187 — The composition and action of 



nutrient solutions, 189— The effect of CO2, organic substances, and physical character- 

 istics of nutrient solutions, 191— Nourishment of the isolated mammalian heart, 191. 



Part IV.— The Innervation of the Blood-vessels (By W. T. Porter) 192 



Historical account of the discovery of vaso-motor nerves, 192— Methods of demon- 

 strating vaso-motor phenomena, 195— Experimental distinctions between vaso-const ric- 

 tor and vaso-dilator nerve-fibres, 196 — Anatomical course of vaso-motor fibres. 197— 

 Vaso-motor centre in the medulla, 198— Vaso-motor centres in the spinal cord, 199— 

 Sympathetic vaso-motor centres— peripheral tone, 200— Rhythmical changes in vascular 

 tone, 201 — Vaso-motor reflexes, 201, 202— Relation of cerebrum to vaso-motor centres, 

 202 — Pressor and depressor fibres, 202— Vaso-motor fibres to the brain, 203— Vaso-motor 

 fibres to the head, 204— Vaso-motor fibres to the lungs, 21)5— Vaso-motor fibres to the 

 heart, 206— Vaso-motor fibres to the intestines, 206— Vaso-motor fibres to the liver, 206 

 — Vaso-motor nerves of the kidney, 207 — Vaso-motor nerves of the spleen, 207 — Vaso- 

 motor nerves of the pancreas, 207 — Vaso-motor nerves of the external generative organs, 

 207 — Vaso-motor nerves of the internal generative organs, 208 — Vaso-motor nerves of 

 the portal system, 209— Vaso-motor nerves of the limbs, muscles, and tail, 209. 



SECRETION (By W. H. Howell) >1\\ 



A. General Considerations 211 



Definition of gland and secretion, 211 — Types of glandular structure, 212— Older 



views of secretion and excretion, 213— General proofs that gland cells take an active 

 part in secretion, 214 — Filtration through living and dead tissues, 215. 



B. Mucous and Albuminous Glands— Salivary Glands 215 



Distinction between mucous and albuminous glands, 215— Goblel cells as unicellular 



mucous glands, 216— Anatomical relations of salivary glands, 217 Nerve-sapply to 

 salivary glands, 218 — Histology of salivary glands, 219— Composition id" the saliva, 

 220 — Significance of the potassium sulphocyanide in saliva, 221 — Discovery of secre 

 tory nerve-fibres to the salivary glands, 221— Distinct ion between "chorda" and 

 "sympathetic" saliva, 222— Effect of varying the strength of the stimulus upon the 

 composition of the saliva, 223 — Theory of trophic and secretory fibres, 224 Vacuoles 

 in gland cells during secretion, 226 —Histological changes in glands as a result of func- 

 tional activity, 226 — Action of atropin, pilocarpin, and nicotin on secretory fibres, 229 

 — The normal mechanism of salivary secretion, 230— Electrical changes in the salivaVy 

 glands during secretion, 231. 



C The Pancreas — Glands of the Stomach and Intestines 231 



Anatomical relations of the pancreas, 231 Histological characters of the pancreas, 

 231 — Composition of the pancreatic secretion, 232 - Secretory nerves of the pancreas, 

 232 — Histological changes in pancreatic cells during secretion, '.':;:: Distinction 

 between enzymes and zymogens, 235 The normal mechanism of the pancreatic Becre- 

 tion, 235— The histological characteristics of the gastric glands, 237 Composition of 

 the gastric secretion, 238 -Secretory nerves of the gastric plan ds, 239 The normal 

 mechanism of the gastric secretion, 210 Histological changes in the gastric glands 

 during secretion, 242 — The secretion of the intestinal glands, 243. 



D. Liver and Kidney 244 



Histology of liver in relation to the bile-ducts, -J 1 1 Composition of the bile, 215 — 



The quantity of bile secreted, 246— Relation of the blood-flow to the secretion of bile, 

 247 — Secretory nerve-libres to the liver cells, 217 Motor innervation of the bile-ducts 

 and gall-bladder, 248— The normal mechanism of the bile secretion, 248 Effect of 

 occlusion of the bile-ducts, 249— Histological characteristics of the kidney. 249 Com- 

 position of the urine, 250— General theories of the secretion of urine. 251 Secretion 

 of urea and related nitrogenous bodies, 252 Secretion of the water and salts, 253 — 

 The blood-flow through the kidney and its relations to secretion. 255. 



