IN HIGHER PEOPLES 171 



The savage lives as a member of a tribe com- 

 posed commonly of a few hmidred individuals. 

 The world, to the savage, is the world in which 

 he lives and moves — the world which he feels, 

 hears, tastes, and sees. It is the only world he 

 knows anything about. To the savage, the horizon 

 is the boundary of the universe. Beings beyond 

 his tribe are outside of his world. They belong to 

 an entirely different order of beings from him and 

 his people, and he assumes an entirely different 

 attitude toward them. Thev are not of kin to him, 

 speak a different language, and have strange cus- 

 toms and superstitions. How could they be in any 

 way related to him? They are his enemies — 

 vague, villainous beings \vho appear to him only 

 in battle. His chief occupation is to wage war 

 against them, to plunder them, deceive them, and 

 make slaves of them. And his keenest gratifica- 

 tion is felt in getting the better of them in one way 

 or another and in laying them low in battle. 



The attitude of the savage is an attitude of hate 

 and hostility to all who do not belong to his par- 

 ticular crowd. Everybody outside of his tribe is 

 his lawful prey. He is at liberty to do anything in 

 his power to anyone outside his tribe. His ethical 

 attitude toward *^ outsiders'' is almost the reverse 

 of his attitude toward the members of his band. 



Stealing is not immoral to the savage, if it is 

 carried on against those outside his little group. 

 It is a means of distinction. The same is true of 



