172 SAVAGE SUEVIVALS 



lying and deceiving and cheating — and even of 

 murdering. 



Higher peoples, on the other hand, form vast 

 communities called states, comprising many mil- 

 lions of human beings. These states often cover 

 territory that is continental in extent. Moreover, 

 they are all united, by treaties, by commerce, and 

 by ties of sympathy and understanding, into one 

 vast, world-wide confederacy. 



The savage is a citizen of a tribe. His fellow- 

 beings consist of a few hundred individuals. All 

 the rest of the inhabitants of the earth are his 

 enemies. We, on the other hand, are citizens of 

 the Civilized World. We have really no enemies 

 in the old sense. Nobody is our legitimate prey. 

 But we have surviving in our natures the instincts 

 to steal and lie and cheat and deceive, and to treat 

 others generally as if they tvere our prey. 



This metamorphosis of the world in general 

 from objects of prey to felloiv-citizens is an ex- 

 ceedingly marvelous one, and must be realized in 

 order to understand the man}^ errant tendencies 

 which we find in our natures today. 



Courage and loyalty are the two chief virtues of 

 savages. Loyalty is the tendency to stick to an in- 

 dividual or to one's group thru thick and thin. 

 And so long as mankind was divided into small, 

 warring factions (tribes), this quality of loyalty 

 was a much-lauded one. But the breaking up of 

 tribes, and their fusion into great masses of men 

 called nations, and the further unifying of na- 



