CONTENTS. 



ESSAYS. 



PAGE 



European Herbaria . . . .1 



Notes of a Botanical Excursion to the Mountains of North 



Carolina 22 



The Longevity of Trees 71 



The Flora of Japan 125 



Sequoia and its History 142 



Do Varieties Wear Oct or tend to Wear Out . . . .174 



./Estivation and its Terminology 181 



A Pilgrimage to Torreya 189 



Notes on the History of Helianthus Tuberosus .... 197 



Forest Geography and Archaeology 204 



The Pertinacity and Predominance of Weeds .... 234 



The Flora of North America 243 



Gender of Names of Varieties 257 



Characteristics of the North American Flora .... 260 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



Brown and Humboldt 283 



Augustin-Pyramus De Candolle 289 



Benjamin D. Greene 310 



Charles Wilkes Short 312 



Francis Boott 315 



William Jackson Hooker 321 



John Lindley 333 



William Henry Harvey 337 



Henry P. Sartwell 343 



Chester Dewey 345 



Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward 349 



Moses Ashley Curtis 351 



Hugo Von Mohl 354 



Robert Wight 356 



Frederick Welwitsch 358 



i 



