200 ESSA YS. 



1671, p. 276, notes that the " Helianihemum Indicum tube- 

 rosum " is called " Chrysanthemum e Canada, quibusdam. 

 Canada et Artischoki sub terra, aliis. Gigantea, Burgundis." 



P. Laurenberg, " Apparat. plant." (Rostock, 1632), names 

 the species " Adenes Canadenses or Flos Solis glandulosus." 

 Ant. Yallot, "Hortus Regis, Paris,*' 1665 (as cited by Bauhin), 

 gives the names " Canada and Artischoki sub terra," and 

 " Canadas," and describes also " Helenium Canadense altis- 

 simum, Vosacan dictum" which Tournefort distinguishes as 

 "Corona Solis rapunculi radice" (Inst. Herb. 490), and which 

 became H. strumosus, L. "Vosacan," by the way, is a French 

 fashion of writing the Algonkin word " wassakone " or " was- 

 sakwan," which means a " bright yellow flower." The mod- 

 ern Chippeways give this name to the flowers of the Pumpkin 

 and Squash. 



Under whatever name the Jerusalem Artichoke was de- 

 scribed, there seems to have been a general agreement among 

 European botanists that it came from Canada. F. Schuyl, 

 "Catal. Horti Lugcl. Bat." (Heidelberg, 1672), varies the 

 specific name to " Chrysanthemum Canadense Arumosum." 

 P. Amman, " Charac. Plant. Nat." (1676), has " Helenium 

 Canadense." 



It was introduced to England about 1617. In that year, 

 Mr. John Goodyer, of Maple Durham, Hampshire, " received 

 two small roots thereof, from Mr. Franquevill of London," 

 which were planted, and enabled him, before 1621, to " store 

 Hampshire." He wrote an account of the plant, under date 

 of October 17, 1621, for T. Johnson, — who printed it in his 

 edition of Gerard, 1636 (p. 753). Before this the species 

 had been figured and described by J. Parkinson, in " Para- 

 disus Terrestris " (London, 1629), as " Battatas de Canada," 

 and in his " Theatre of Plants," 1640 (p. 1383), he has the 

 figure — a good one — without the description, under the names 

 " Battatas de Canada, the French Battatas, or Hierusalem 

 Artichoke." Johnson, in Gerard (p. 753), refers to Parkin- 

 son's description, and gives the name as "Flos Solis Pyrami- 

 dalis, Jerusalem Artichoke." It already grew " well and 

 plentifully in many parts of England." 



