CHARLES DARWIX. 429 



would the pages which we are accustomed to consecrate to the 

 memory of our recently deceased associates allow of it. Let 

 us note in passing that the succeeding volumes of the series may 

 be ranked in two classes, one of which is much more widely 

 known than the other. One class is of those which follow up 

 the argument for the origination of species through descent 

 with modification, or which widen its base and illustrate the 

 modus operandi of Natural Selection. Such are the two vol- 

 umes on " Domesticated Animals and Cultivated Plants," 

 illustrating Variation, Inheritance, Reversion, Interbreeding, 

 etc. ; the volume on the " Descent of Man, and Selection in 

 Relation to Sex," — which extended the hypothesis to its logi- 

 cal limits — and that, " On the Expression of the Emotions in 

 Man and the Lower Animals," published in 1872, which may 

 be regarded as the last of this series. Since then Mr. Dar- 

 win appears to have turned from the highest to the lower 

 forms of life, and to have entered upon the laborious cultiva- 

 tion of new and special fields of investigation, which, although 

 prosecuted on the lines of his doctrine and vivified by its 

 ideas, might seem to be only incidentally connected with the 

 general argument. But it will be found that all these lines 

 are convergent. Nor were these altogether new studies. The 

 germ of the three volumes upon the Relation of Insects to 

 Flowers and its far-reaching consequences, is a little paper, 

 published in the year 1858, " On the Agency of Bees in the 

 Fertilization of Papilionaceous Flowers, and on the Crossing 

 of Kidney Beans; " the first edition of the volume on " The 

 various Contrivances by which Orchids are Fertilized by In- 

 sects " appeared in 1862, thus forming the a nd volume of 



the whole series; and the two volumes '*On the Effects of 

 Cross and Self-Fertilization in the Vegetable Kingdom," and 

 "The different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the same Spe- 

 cies," which, along with the new edition of "The Fertili- 

 zation of Orchids," were all published in 1^7*1 and 1*77. 

 originated in two or three remarkable papers contributed to 

 the "Journal of the Linnaean Society" in 1862 and 1863, but 

 are supplemented by additional and protracted experiments. 

 The volume on " Insectivorous Plants." and the noteworthy 



