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solved. Washes containing paraiiin are liable to injure 

 the delicate spring foliage, and if adopted should be 

 used in weak strength. When the leaves commence to 

 curl it is waste of most insecticides to use them; nicotine 

 and soft soap compounds are the only ones which offer 

 any prospect of partial success. Summer spraying is not 

 to be recommended except in the case of the Woolv Aphis. 

 Another family of Hemiptera, viz., the Psyllidae, or 

 u Jumpers," includes the well-known Apple Sucker 

 (Psyila mail) (4), which is a not distant relation of the 

 Froghoppers, or "Cuckoo Spit" Insects. The adult Apple 

 Suckers are small, greenish- yellow, four-winged Insects 

 about ^in. long. They are to be found flying and leaping 

 about apple leaves from May until the autumn. They lay 

 their eggs from late September until early in November, 

 usually on the bark of one-year shoots below buds or 

 around leaf scars. The eggs are orange, darkening to 

 orange-red, and hatch in April. The young larvae are 

 very minute, flattened, dirty-yellow r Insects with red 

 eyes, and they secrete a waxy substance from the hind end 

 of the body. As soon as the buds open they congregate 

 within, while the older larvae and nymphs are to be found 

 on the undersides of the leaves. Damage is caused by 

 the larvae and nymphs piercing the young leaves, which 

 become brown as if frost-bitten, and wither. In this way 

 floral and leaf buds are destroyed wholesale. The 

 adults cause a relatively small amount of injury. Un- 

 doubtedly the most vulnerable period in the life-history 

 of the Insect is when the young larvae emerge from the 

 egg; for various reasons, however, spraying at this time 

 presents difficulties. Owing to the waxy substance which 

 the larvae- exude, sprays should contain a wax solvent 

 which, however, is liable to damage the developing 

 leaves. Furthermore, the larvae very soon enter the buds, 

 and then spraying is of little value. The larvae emerge 

 from the eggs during several weeks, and the time appears 

 to vary in different kinds of apple; for this reason 

 several sprayings are necessary. The best period for 

 dealing with this species is apparently February and 

 March, 2-3 weeks before the buds open. A w r ash of 

 lime and salt recommended by Theobald appears to be 

 an effective measure. It should be used on dry days, and 

 is made by taking i-ij cwts. of best quality lime, slaking 

 it gradually, and mixing it with 100 galls, of water in 



