TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER I. 

 PLANT ARCHITECTURE. 



The Vegetable Kingdom. Leading characters of Plants 

 contrasted with those of Animals. Origin of " Division of 

 Labour." Uses of the various Organs of Plants. Modifica- 

 tions of Structure caused by external agencies. Microscopic 

 Structures ........ pp. I 53 



CHAPTER II. 

 CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF PLANT LIFE. 



Nature of Plant Food and how it is obtained. Influence 

 of Light on Plant Life. Influence of the Vegetable Kingdom 

 on surroundings. Origin of Carnivorous Plants. Sapro- 

 phytes. Parasites. Retrogression . . . .pp. 54 89 



CHAPTER III. * 

 PROTECTIVE ARRANGEMENTS. 



Origin of the Vegetable Kingdom. The struggle for 

 existence. Protection against climate. Protection against 

 living enemies. Saving of energy and expenditure of material 

 exhibited in modern modes of protection . . pp. 90 115 



CHAPTER IV. 

 REPRODUCTION OF PLANTS. 



Vegetative or asexual method. Sexual method. Gradual 

 evolution and advantages of the latter method. Alternation 

 of generations. Cross-fertilization. Protection of reproduc- 

 tive portions of Plants ..... pp. 116 157 



