2 9 



Cretaceous, Eocene, Miocene or Pliocene. There is here that alter- 

 nation of "sand hills" and "red hills" which is characteristic of North 

 and South Carolina in their central areas. But farther toward the 

 sea the Columbia or Pleistocene is the surface formation com- 

 pletely concealing the Lafayette or Pliocene beneath. The forma- 

 tion varies in thickness from a few inches to several feet. In the belt 

 just along the coast, Pleistocene fossils have been found. 



FLORIDA. 



The greater part of Florida is covered superficially with a thin 

 capping of white sand, just beneath which is yellow sand. The age 

 of these sands has not yet been fully determined. Florida is unusu- 

 ally rich in marine Pleistocene deposits. To use the words of Ball 

 and Harris concerning these marine deposits : "There are multitudes 

 of such localities where these beds are visible, mostly at elevations 

 not very far from present water-level, and indicating a small elevation, 

 with possibly a smaller subsequent depression, since they were de- 

 posited on the western side of the peninsula ; while on the east there 

 has been a slow, somewhat intermittent elevation, which has amounted 

 in the total to not less than twenty feet above the present sea level in 

 the cases where it is lowest, and possibly as much more in some local- 

 ities. Without definite proof of the fact, it seems as if there had been 

 a tilting of the peninsula on its north and south axis in Pleistocene 

 times." These Pleistocene localities are especially plentiful along 

 the western side of the peninsula, in one place overlying the Pliocene 

 and in another the Miocene. Elsewhere in this paper may be found 

 a list of the Florida Pleistocene fossils. 



III. GEOGRAPHIC AND STRATIGRAPHIC RELA- 

 TIONS OF THE PLEISTOCENE IN SOUTH 

 CAROLINA. 



The order of formations in the Coastal Plain of South Carolina is, 

 as can be best determined, as follows : 



Columbia Pleistocene 



Lafayette Pliocene 



Miocene . Miocene 



Eocene Eocene 



Marine Cretaceous Cretaceous 



Potomac Cretaceous 



The Potomac outcrops just along the western border of the Coastal 



