84 History of Nature. [BooK V. 



formerly there dwelt. Besides, there are Thydonos, Pyrrha, 

 Eurome, Heraclea, Amyzon, and the Free Alabanda, from 

 which that Jurisdiction took its Name. The Free Stratonicea, 

 Hynidos, Ceramus, Trcezene, and Phorontis. There are 

 Nations farther remote that resort to that Court: the 

 Othronienses, Halydienses or Hyppini, Xystiani, Hydis- 

 senses, Apolloniates, Trapezopolitse, and the Free Aphro- 

 disienses. Besides these, there are Cossinus and Harpasa, 

 close by the River Harpasus, which also ran under Trallicon, 

 when such a Town existed. Lydia is watered by the wind- 

 ings of the River Mseander: and it reacheth above Ionia: 

 being near upon Phrygia in the East, upon Mysia in the 

 North, and in the South side enclosing Caria; and was for- 

 merly named Mceonia. It is celebrated chiefly for Sardis, 

 seated upon the side of the Mountain Trnolus, formerly 

 called Timolus, planted with Vineyards ; and from it flows 

 Pactolus, called likewise Chrysorrhoa : as also the Fountain 

 Tames. This City was commonly by the Mceonise called 

 Hyde, and was famous for the Lake of Gyges. That Juris- 

 diction is at this Day called Sardiana. Thither resort besides 

 the abovenamed, the Macedonian Caduenes, the Loreni, 



again in lib. vii. c. 2. See also Aristotle's Hist. Anim. lib. viii., and 

 Mela, lib. iii. There can be no question but that the ancient fictions of 

 pygmies, satyrs, cynocephali, cynoprosopi, &c., and other supposed tribes 

 of human monsters, originated in vague accounts of different species of 

 simiae, though the Bushmen of South Africa are supposed also to have 

 been referred to as a nation of pigmies. The earliest unquestionable 

 reference to any of the true apes is found in the Periplus of Hanno, circ. 

 500 B.C. 



" For three days," says the Carthaginian admiral, " we passed along a 

 burning coast, and at length reached a bay called the Southern Horn. 

 In the bottom of this bay we found an island similar to that already men- 

 tioned ; this island contained a lake, that in its turn contained another 

 island, which was inhabited by wild men. The greater number of those 

 we saw were females ; they were covered with hair, and our interpreters 

 called them Gorilloi. We were unable to secure any of the men, as they 

 fled to the mountains, and defended themselves with stones. As to the 

 women, we caught three of them, but they so bit and scratched us that 

 we found it impossible to bring them along; we therefore killed and 

 flayed them, and carried their hides to Carthage." Wern, Club. 



