246 THE INTELLIGENCE OF MAMMALS 



the door is shut he makes off round two corners to the 

 front door, and so into the dining-room. He had never 

 been in this room before, but has once been from the back 

 into the house by the front door. The experiment is once 

 repeated, and the dog remembers this route five days later. 

 On arriving at the house on this occasion, he is taken through 

 a side door into the dining-room, and then out at the back. 

 He first finds his way in through the front as mentioned, and 

 then for a further trial both front and back door are shut. 

 The dog goes to and fro from one door to the other, and then 

 suddenly goes right off around the house, and in by the side 

 door a route which he had never taken before. There may 

 have been an element of chance in this success, but, on the 

 whole we seem to have a series of acts dictated by the desire 

 to find the master operating on the remembrance of the 

 modes of entrance. " 



The ability of animals such as horses to find their way 

 back for miles over a road which they have only followed 

 once is indicative of something more than mere sensori- 

 motor association. I well remember a horse we once 

 owned whose memory for the proper turns in the road he 

 had taken in going away from home I had often tested and 

 found to be almost infallible. Like many other horses he 

 was a much more willing traveller when homeward bound, 

 but whether he was influenced by an idea of hay and oats 

 and rest to be enjoyed at the end of his journey it might be 

 hazardous to say. If the homing of the animal were due 

 to a blind sensori-motor association, we should have to 

 assume that the sight of particular objects along his course 

 came to be associated with particular movements; object 

 A, for instance, with a slight turn to the right, and object 

 B with a slight turn to the left, and so on. If the animal 

 passed over the road again in the same direction we might 



