THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN 17 



kilometers southeast from the city of Heidelberg, famed for 

 being one of the oldest seats of scientific learning in central 

 Europe. The Mauer sands are river valley deposits, the upper 

 portion of which is regarded by Schoetensack as upper, the 

 rest as lower, Pleistocene. From this locality has come a 

 fauna of mammals which compares with that of the pre-Glacial 

 forest beds of Norfolk, England. The jaw itself was found 

 in the lower portion, about seventy-nine feet below the summit 

 of the deposits. 



Fig. 4. Homo (Paleanthropus) heidelbergensis. Mandible compared with 

 that of a modern European (broken line). After Schoetensack. Two thirds 

 natural size. 



The lower jaw is complete to the last detail, although the 

 teeth of the left side, which adhered to a limestone pebble, 

 were broken off upon the removal of the latter. They are, 

 however, carefully preserved, and the accident brought to light 

 yet other characteristics not otherwise visible. 



The jaw is very primitive, heavy, and massive. It lacks 

 entirely the chin prominence so characteristic of modern man, 

 as the front profile of the jaw slopes away as does that of a 



