O F I N F A N C Y. 375 



ment by the fenfe of touching, would uniformly 

 lead us into falfe conclufions. The fenfe of 

 touching is the criterion of all the oth^r fenfes : 

 It alone is effential ro animal exiftence, and is 

 univerfally diflufed through every part of the 

 body. But even this fenfe is imperfed: at birth : 

 A new-born infant, indeed, difcovers fymptoms 

 of pain by its cries and its groans ; but it has no 

 expreffion that indicates pleafure. It begins not 

 to fmile in Icfs than 40 days : It is about this 

 time, Ijkevvife, that it begins to weep ; for its 

 former cries were not accompanied with tears. 

 There are no veftiges of the paflions in the coun- 

 tenance of a new-born child. The features of 

 the face have not acquired that confiftence and 

 elafticity which are neceffary for exprcffing the 

 fentiments of the mind. All the other parts of 

 the infant's body are extremely feeble ; and 

 their motions are aukward and ill-direded. It 

 is unable to Hand eredt ; its thighs and legs are 

 ftill bended, from the habit contradled while in 

 the womb of the mother ; it has not ftrength 

 to flretch out its arms, 01 to lay hold of any 

 thing with its hands ; and, if abandoned in this 

 condition, it would remain on its back, without 

 being able to turn to one fide or another. 



From thefe remarks, it api)cars, that the pain 

 felt by infants recently born, and which they 

 exprefs by crying, is only a corporeal fenfation^ 

 fanilar to that of other animals, who likewifc 

 cry the moment they are broujjht forth ; and 



thaf 



