OF APES. 67 



tcrial organs, fince the idiot is likewife endowed 

 witli a foul. Now, as between one raan and 

 another, where the whole ftru£ture is perfectly 

 fimilar, a difference fo fmall that it cannot be 

 perceived is fufficient to prevent thought, we 

 ihould not be furprifed that it never appears in 

 the ape, who is deprived of the neceffary prin- 

 ciple. 



The foul, in g-eneral, has a proper action to- 

 tally independent of matter. But, as its divine 

 author has been pleafed to unite it to the body, 

 the exercife of its particular afls depends on the 

 Aate of the material organs. This dependence 

 is apparent, not only from the cafe of idiots, but 

 from people affeded with delirium, from fleep, 

 from new born infants, who cannot think, and 

 from very old men, whom the power of think- 

 ing has forfaken. It is even probable, that the 

 chief effecl; of education confifts not fo much in 

 inftrufting the mind, or maturing its operations, 

 as in modifying the material organs, and bring- 

 ing them into the moft favourable ftate for the 

 exercife of the i'cntient principle. Now, there 

 are two kinds of education, which ought to be 

 carefully diftiuguiflied, becaufe their cffcds are 

 extremely different ; the education of the indi- 

 vidual, which is common to man and the other 

 animals ; and the education of the fpecies, which 

 appertains to man alone. A young animal, both 

 horn natural incitements and from example, 

 learns, in a few vreeks, to do every thing its pa- 



E 2 rents 



