THE COW OF TARTARY. 227 



* That there are two fpecies of it among the 



* Calmucks, the firft called Sarluk, which I have 



* already defcribed, and the Iccond Chainuky 



* which differs from the other by the largenefs 



* of its head and horns, and a!fo by the tail, 

 ' which at its origin refembles that of the horfe, 



* and terminates like that of a cow. But they 

 ' both have the fame natural difpofuions.' 



In the whole of this defcription, there is only 

 a fingle charafter which indicates the Calmuck 

 cows to be a particular fpecies, and that is their 

 grunting inftead of lowing. In every other ar- 

 ticle, they have fo ftrong a refemblance to the 

 bifon, that they muft belong to the fame fpecies, 

 or rather the fame race. Befides, thougli the 

 author fays, that thefe cows do not low, but 

 grunt, he acknowledges that they very rarely 

 utter that kind of found. Perhaps it was an af- 

 fe£tion peculiar to the individual he faw^ ; for 

 Rubruquis, and the othor writers whom he quotes, 

 do not mention this grunting. Perhaps the bifons, 

 when enraged, likewile make a grunting noife. 

 Even our bulls, particularly in the rutting feafon, 

 have a hollow, interrupted voice, which has a 

 greater refemblance to grunting than to lowing. 

 I am perfuaded, therefore, that this grunting 

 cow of Gmelin is nothing elfe but the bifon, and 

 does not conftitute a particular fpecies. 



P « III. 



