ILLUSTRATIONS. 



FROM ORIGINAL DRAWINGS BY E. HEYN, H. v. KONIGSBRUNN, E. v. RAN30NXET, 

 J. SEELOS, F. TEUCHMANN, 0. WINKLER, AND OTHERS. 



COLOUEED PLATES. 



I. Swarm-spores and ZYGOSPORES : Forms of Chlorophyll-bodies. — All the figures 



from nature, highly magnified, 



II. Insectivorous Plants : Sun-dew and Butterwort. — From nature by J. Seelos, 

 III. Tropical Epiphytes in Ceylon. — From a drawing by H. v. Kbnigsbrunn, 

 rV. Prickly-pears on the Plateau of Anahuac, Mexico. — Drawn by Ernst Heyn, 



V. Autumnal Tints on Lake Erie. — Drawn by Ernst Heyn, 



VI. Feather Grass on a Russian Steppe. — Drawn by Ernst Heyn, .... 



VII. Queen of the Night (Cereus nycticalus). — Drawn by Ernst Hej-n, .... 



VIII. Palmyra Palms, Ceylon. — From a drawing by H. v. Konigsbrunn, .... 



Front is. 

 to face 



Page 



374 

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 222 

 446 

 488 

 616 

 642 

 712 



ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT 



Page 

 Seedlings with Cotyledons and Foliage-leaves, - 9 

 Metamorphoses of Leaves as exhibited by the Poppy, 1 1 

 Goethe's "TJrpflanze", - - - - - 12 

 Vegetable Cells, - - - • - - - 22 

 Protoplasm inclosed in Cells, - - - - 25 

 Cell-chambers, showing Intercellular Spaces and 



Intercellular Substance, -. - - - 27 

 Swimming Protoplasm, - - - - - 29 



Pulsating Vacuoles in the Protoplasm of the large 



Swarm-spores of Ulothrix, - - - - 31 

 Creeping Protoplasm, - - - - - 32 



Connecting Passages between adjacent Cell-cavities, 45 

 L'utaria Cymbalaria dropping its Seeds into Clefts 



in the Rocks, ...... 53 



Absorptive Cells on Root of Pcnstemon, - 87 



Centrifugal and Centripetal Transmission of Water, 94 

 Irrigation of Rain-water in Plants, - - - 97 

 Aerial Roots of a Tropical Orchid assuming the 



form of straps, ------ 107 



Transverse section through absorption-roots of 



Saprophytes, 115 



Bladderworts, 120 



Traps of Utricularia neglecta, .... 121 

 Spinous Structures in the Pitfalls of Carnivorous 



Plants, 124 



Sarracenia purpurea, - - - - -125 



Ascidia-bearing and Pitcher-plants, . . - 127 



Cephalotus follicularis, 131 



Young Nepenthes plants, 132 



Page 



Nepenthe* destillatoria, 133 



Capturing apparatus in the Toothwort, Bartsia, 



and Butterwort, ------ 137 



Tentacles on leaf of Sun-dew, - - - - 145 



Venus's Fly-trap (Dioncta muscipula), - - 148 

 Capturing apparatus of the leaves of Aldro- 



vandia and Venus's Fly-trap, - - - 150 

 Aldrovandia vesiculosa, ----- 151 

 The Fly-catcher {Drosophylhim lusitanicum), - 155 

 Lonicera ciliosa in South Carolina, ... 160 

 Hypha? of Parasitic Fungi, - - - - 165 

 Parasites on Hydrophytes, .... 169 



Seedlings of Parasitic Plants, - - - - 173 

 Cuscuta Europcea parasitic on a Hop-stem,- - 175 

 Bastard Toad-flax {Thesium alpinum), ■ - 177 

 Toothwort (Lathrcea Squamaria), with suckers 



upon the roots of a Poplar, - - - - 181 

 Langsdorffia hypogcea, from Central America, - 187 

 Parasitic Balanophorese (Scybalium fungiforme 



and Balanophora BUdenbrandtii), - - 189 

 Parasitic Balanophorese (Rhopalocnemh phalloid. a 



and Belosis gujanensis), - - - - 191 

 Parasitic Balanophorese (Lophophytum mimliile 



and Sarcophyte sanguinca), - - - - 195 

 Cytinus ffypocistus and C'tmomorium coccineum, ■ 197 

 Rafflesiaceae parasitic on trunks and branches, - 201 

 Parasitic Rafflesiacea upon a Cissus-root, - - 202 

 Rafflesia Padma, parasitic on roots upon the sur- 

 face of the ground, 203 



