PLATE IV. 



continued. 



FIG. 1. PORTION OF LEAF. Showing 



Autheridium, male organ, or globule. 



Carpogonium, female organ, nucule, sporangium, or spore-fruit (Gr. spora, ^ seed; anyeion, a 



vessel). 



FIG. 2. THE ANTHERIDIUM DISSECTED. Showing 

 a. Shield. 



Manu'brium (L. a handle). 



Capitulum (L. a little head) (blue). 



Secondary capitula (blue). Not named on drawing. 



Filaments. 



1>. Portion of filament, with a spermatozoid in each of its cells. 

 c. A liberated spermatozoid, with two long cilia. 

 FIG. 3. THE CARPOGONIUM OK NUCULE 



Central cell. 



Twisted filaments, quite different from the filaments of the antheridium. 



The one-celled corona in Chara, and the two-celled corona in Nitella. 

 FIG. 4. DEVELOPMENT OF THE CARPOGONIUM OR SPORE-FRUIT. Sectional view. 

 Fio. 5 and DIAGRAM I. Showing DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPORE, enclosed in sporocarp 



Proembryo. 



Pseudo- whorl of leaves, with the Chara in its axil. 



CLASSIFICATION OF CHARACEJE. 



Kingdom Plant*. 



Sub-Kingdom Thallophyta (exceptional in having axis and appendages^. 



Class Carposporese, because it has a spore fruit. 



Group Algae. 



Order Characea?. 



Genera Chara and Nitella. 





THE BRACKEN FERN. 



Fio. 1. Showing 



( Rudimentary leaf. 



1 Young leaf. 

 LEAVES < 

 1 Cut leaf. 



' Old leaf. 



Underground stem or rhizome (Gr. rJtiza, a root; omos, the same as) with its growing point 

 Roots. 



