xvii IN SCOTLAND AND IRELAND 259 



examination scheme of the University of London, an institu- 

 tion which prides itself as being on a level with modern 

 educational requirements ; and the managers of the new 

 Imperial Institute, casting about in all directions for some 

 worthy object to occupy their energies and their spacious 

 buildings, do not appear to have taken into serious considera- 

 tion the value to the world and the appropriateness to their 

 original design of a great central school of Anthropology, 

 from which might emanate a full and satisfying knowledge of 

 the characteristics of all the various races of which the Empire 

 is composed. 



In Scotland the recent Universities Commission has 

 recognised Physical Anthropology as a branch of human 

 anatomy in their scheme for graduation in pure science, the 

 examination on this subject embracing a knowledge of race 

 characters as found in the skull and other parts of the skeleton, 

 in the skin, eyes, hair, features, and the external configuration 

 of the body generally ; the methods of anthropometrical 

 measurement, both of the living body and the skeleton ; the 

 possible influence of use and of external surroundings in 

 producing modifications in the physical characters of man, 

 and an acquaintance with the " types " of mankind and the 

 structural relations of man to the higher mammals. These 

 regulations came into operation in the University of Edin- 

 burgh in 1892, and in accordance with them Professor Sir 

 William Turner delivers a special course of twenty - five 

 lectures on Physical Anthropology, and in addition ten 

 practical demonstrations on osteometry. The museum under 

 his charge has greatly increased of late in number and value 

 of the specimens. But " Human Anatomy, including Anthro- 

 pology," being only one of a series of nine subjects in any 

 three or more of which a final science examination on a 

 higher standard has to be passed, there is not at present any 

 considerable number of students who take it up, and the other 

 Scotch Universities have not yet thought it necessary to 

 establish distinct courses of Physical Anthropology, although 

 it is becoming more and more a regular part of the anatomical 

 teaching to advanced students. 



For the following account of what is being done to further 



