Mr. Evans's Address 173 



4. We can compare the under surface of the leaf 



with the upper surface, and see 



which has the deeper hue, most hairs, 

 and the most prominent veins. 



5. Then we should examine the veins, and see 



whether there is a distinct midrib, as in the 

 beech, oak, &c., and we should note the rela- 

 tion of the secondary veins to the main rib. 

 Do they branch out like the barbs of a 

 feather and make straight for the margin 

 (beech), or do they curve towards the apex 

 (poplar) ? 



(/) Flowers. — The flowers often present many points 

 of interest. Many people are ignorant of 

 the fact that trees like the oak, ash, elm, &c., 

 bear any flowers at all. We should look out 

 for such features as the following: — 



^ , . ., . fsame flower.? — maple. 



1. Stamens and pistil ini , n -, 7 ? 



^ I separate flowers? — hazel. 



2. Staminate and pistil-lsame tree.'* — oak. 



late flowers on J separate trees? — poplar. 



3. Then with regard to the time of appearance'. — 



i. Staminate formed and appearing in winter — 

 hazel, birch, &c. 



flowers and leaves in 



same bud — birch. 

 flowers and leaves not 

 in same bud — hazel. 



ii. Pistillate appearing 

 in spring 



iii. Staminate and pis-^ 



tillate appearing in \oak, beech, &c. 

 spring J 



