300 ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY 



either additional muscular work or body material, and the value 

 of the food for this purpose is termed the production value. 



In the normal mature man the production of increased body- 

 weight is not desired, and all of the productive energy of food 

 is available for increased muscular work. In horses this same 

 fact is true. In fattening cattle, however, and in swine, milch 

 cows, sheep and poultry, the production value of foods is 

 utilized for increase in body weight or for the building of ma- 

 terial which is being constantly withdrawn by man, the volun- 

 tary work requirement being practically nothing. 



Energy Requirement for Man. — Taking results that have 

 been obtained by Atwater, Benedict and others for the production 

 energy necessary for various degrees of work in man, we have : 



Energy Requirement of Normal Adult Man 150 Lbs. Wt. 



At rest (maintenance), about 2000 Cal. per day. 



Moving about but no active work, about 2300 Cal. per day. 



Moving about and light work, about 2500 Cal. per day. 



Moving about and moderate work (carpenter), about 3000 

 Cal. per day. 



Moving about and active work (farmer), about 3500 Cal. per 

 day. 



Moving about and very active work (excavator), about 4500 

 Cal. per day. 



Moving about and extreme work (lumberman), about 5000 or 

 over Cal. per day. 



These results are obtained by figuring a man's day as composed 

 of various activities incident to it, e.g. 8 hours' sleep, at 65 Cal. 

 per hour; 2 hours for meals, going to and fro, at 170 Cal. per 

 hour ; 6 hours' sitting, at 100 Cal. per hour ; 8 hours of labor, 

 170 to 600 Cal. per hour, depending upon degree of activity. 



We thus see that the production requirement for man ranges 

 from 300 to 3000 Cal. per day. 



It may be mentioned that all efforts to determine the energy 

 expended in even the most severe mental and nervous work have 

 failed. 



