TITANIUM. 427 



This mineral is frequently found in imperfect crystals, coating the strata of red shale, in the 

 vicinity of New-Brunswick in New-Jersey. These crystals effervesce, and are entirely dis- 

 solved, in nitric acid. It appears in this case to be the result of precipitation from an aqueous 

 solution. The oxide of copper is disseminated through the rocks in the vicinity, and the car- 

 bonate is found most abundant near the bed of a ravine. Water charged with carbonic acid, 

 dissolves a portion of this oxide ; and whenever circumstances favour the escape of the excess 

 of acid, the salt is deposited. Blue malachite is also found in Pennsylvania at the Perkiomen 

 lead mine, where it occurs in small crystals. 



ORDER VII. TITANIUM. 



1 . Native Titanium. 4. Ilmenite. 



2. Anatase. 5. Sphene. 



3. Rutile. 6. Warwickite. 



NATIVE TITANIUM. 



Native Titanium. Thomsm,. 



Description. Colour copper-red. It usually occurs in the form of small cubes with 

 smooth surfaces. Lustre splendent and metallic. Opaque. Hardness 7.5. Specific gravity 

 5.30. Infusible by the blowpipe. Not sensibly acted upon by acids. The crystals may be 

 oxidized when heated with a mixture of borax and carbonate of soda. They are good con- 

 ductors of electricity. 



LOCALITIES. 



This metal was first found in a state of purity in the slag of Merthyr Tydvil furnaces, in 

 South Wales, by Dr. Wollaston, in 1822. 



Dr. Emmons found the same metal in the hearth-stone of an iron furnace in St. Lawrence 

 county ; and I have obtained specimens occasionally in the form of minute cubes, in the slag 

 of the Greenwood furnace in Orange county. It is undoubtedly produced by the decompo- 

 sition of some of the titaniates combined with the ores of iron. 



