SMALL HOLDINGS 79 



the hips and between the buttocks, provided 

 with lengthy heads, strong muzzles, fore- 

 quarters sloping towards the back, well- 

 sprung ribs, giving plenty of room for the 

 vital organs, and a large udder, globular in 

 form as in the Jersey, with a prominent milk 

 vein, teats of good size, set well apart, and all 

 yielding milk. No purchase should be com- 

 pleted without full knowledge of the yield 

 and fat percentage of the milk. It is wiser 

 to pay an extra guinea for the privilege of 

 seeing each cow milked morning and evening, 

 and taking a sample, than to buy a mere 

 scrub which fails to pay her way. The 

 success of a holding may depend entirely upon 

 the contribution of the cows. Each cow 

 should yield an annual average of at least 700 

 gallons, or if she is intended for butter 

 production, 350 lb. Thus the milk should 

 contain from 4| to 5 per cent, of fat, and it 

 can be found in dairy shorthorns, or cows 

 bred between these famous milkers and the 

 Channel Islands breed. It should not be 

 forgotten that the calf of a big milker is 

 always saleable at a better price than if it had 

 no breed behind. When service is required, 

 no effort should be spared to obtain the ser- 

 vices of a bull of first-class milking stock. 



