9C THE PRACTICAL SIDE OF 



of the sun, which should not be excluded by 

 hills, woods, or timber trees. 



The profit derived by a small holder from 

 the sale of milk depends very largely upon 

 his proximity to a population. Land near a 

 large village which affords an opening for 

 his work, or within easy distance of a town, 

 will afford him an opportunity for effecting 

 sales. Where there is no chance of selling 

 milk at retail prices the small holder will do 

 well to turn his attention, should he keep cows, 

 to the production of butter or cream. The 

 wholesale price of milk after the deduction 

 of carriage by rail and the cost of conveyance 

 to the station being too low to enable him to 

 realise a sufficient profit. In most Continental 

 countries the occupiers of the land are chiefly 

 small holders. The majority of these people 

 keep cows, but they take advantage of the 

 co-operative system which enables them to 

 realise a higher sum for their milk than they 

 could possibly attain by the home production 

 of either butter or cheese. In France, Italy, 

 and Switzerland the milk is collected and 

 conveyed to a creamery or a cheese factory, 

 the price being estimated on the basis of its 

 productive power. We have had the advan- 

 tage of inspecting numerous factories in these 



