The State Created by Violence ii 



conquest and war. He traces the analogy between 

 biological and industrial evolution thus : 



Just as organic evolution began with the metazoic 

 stage, so social evolution began with the metasocial 

 stage. So, too, as the metazoic stage was brought 

 about through the union of several or many uni- 

 cellular organisms in a multicellular organism, so the 

 metasocial stage was brought about by the union of 

 two or more simple hordes or clans into a compound 

 group of amalgamated hordes or clans. . . . Two 

 groups thus brought into proximity may be, and 

 usually are, utterly unknown to each other. The 

 mutual encroachment is certain to produce hostilities. 

 War is the result, and one of the two groups is almost 

 certain to prove the superior warrior and to conquer 

 the other. The first step in the whole process is the 

 conquest of one race by another. . . . The greater 

 part of the conquered race is enslaved and the institu- 

 tion of slavery begins here. The slaves are compelled 

 to work, and labour in the economic sense begins here. 

 The enslavement of the producers and the compelling 

 them to work was the only way in which mankind 

 could have been taught to labour, and therefore the 

 whole industrial system of society begins here. ^ 



In his treatise on Pure Sociology, Professor 

 Ward has generalized the influence of war as 

 follows : 



It is impossible in dealing with this subject to avoid 

 the bearing of war and peace on human progress. 

 All civilized men realize the horrors of war, and if 



» American Journal of Sociology, March, 1905, p. 594. 



