M 



CHAPTER IV 



THE GENERAL SOCIOLOGICAL ERRORS 



AN owes his dominant position in the uni- 



increased his productive power enormously by 

 practising mutual aid and the division of labour. 

 Language, literature, science, all civilization re- 

 sults from the fact that man is a member of 

 society, that he co-operates with his fellow-men. 

 The growth of communication and interdependence 

 has bound the human race into one social organism. 

 But this great fact of association, fully as impor- 

 tant and as universal as the fact of struggle, is 

 entirely ignored by the philosophy of force. This 

 is an error in the field of sociology which is as 

 important as the error of ignoring the existence of 

 the physical universe in the realm of biology. The 

 consequences of co-operation are so important for 

 any true theory of human relationships that an 

 entire chapter' has been devoted to their con- 

 sideration, and nothing further need be said at the 

 present time of this colossal error of the philosophy 

 of force. 



' See Chapter X. on Mutual Aid as a Law of Nature. 

 96 



