The Modern Futility of Force 211 



ends, economic, social, and moral, for which men 

 live and strive. 



Why, then, it may be asked, does force still 

 play so large a r61e in human relations? 



The reason is because unfortunately it is not 

 facts which determine the actions of men, but 

 their belief in regard to these facts. It is not 

 enough that physical force, used for aggression, 

 should be futile; it is necessary that men should 

 realize its futility. 



The question whether the system of international 

 anarchy can be replaced by a system of inter- 

 national justice and law depends upon the ques- 

 tion whether an intellectual revolution can be 

 accomplished, replacing error by truth in the 

 minds of men. 



Have we any basis to hope for such an intellec- 

 tual revolution? What are the forces making for 

 such a revolution, and what are the obstacles in 

 the way of its accomplishment? These are the 

 questions we shall study in the next chapter, and 

 upon the answer which history shall give to this 

 fundamental question, depends the hope of the 

 redemption of human society. 



