254 Force and the Social Structure 



who believe in the value of conquest as reasons 

 why the United States should "clean up" Mexico 

 and neighbouring territory subject to periodic re- 

 volution. Among the imperialists in America the 

 belief is widely held that "might makes right," 

 and it is significant that the democratic and 

 conservative political forces have taken up posi- 

 tions for and against Philippine independence. 

 In the same way the Tories in England bitterly 

 opposed the policy of the Liberals in "unconquer- 

 ing" British colonies and their action in acknow- 

 ledging the futility of force by granting Home 

 Rule to South Africa and Ireland. For genera- 

 tions the belief in the philosophy of force made 

 necessary by the domination of Ireland has dis- 

 torted the political theories and the social structure 

 of England, and the same effect, though not as yet 

 in so critical a measure, follows from the forcible 

 domination of Egypt and India. In Germany, 

 France, Russia, and Japan the forces of militarism 

 and Imperialism are indissolubly joined together. 

 The classic diplomacy of the nations is based 

 upon the philosophy of force, with its assumption 

 of the essential rivalry between nations rather than 

 the harmony of their interests. The orthodox 

 diplomacy of the European nations especially is 

 intimately connected with the ideas of autocracy, 

 and is usually the last branch of the government to 

 be subjected to democratic control. The diplo- 

 matic service of most countries is still the preserve 

 of the aristocratic classes and the character of 



