World Unity the Goal of Evolution 301 



As man gradually advanced in intellectual power, 

 and was enabled to trace the more remote consequences 

 of his actions; as he acquired sufficient knowledge to 

 reject baneful customs and superstitions ; as he regard- 

 ed more and more not only the welfare, but the happi- 

 ness of his fellow-men; as from habit, following on 

 beneficial experience, instruction, and example, his 

 sympathies became more tender and widely diffused, 

 extending to men of all races, to the imbecile, maimed, 

 and other useless members of society, and finally to 

 the lower animals — so would the standard of his 

 morality rise higher and higher.^ 



And he emphasizes especially the gradual widening 

 of the limits of association, in spite of many 

 obstacles, until the social instincts and sympathy 

 are extended to include all humanity. 



As man advances in civilization, and small tribes 

 are united into larger communities, the simplest reason 

 would tell each individual that he ought to extend his 

 social instincts and sympathies to all the members of 

 the same nation, though personally unknown to him. 

 This point being once reached, there is only an arti- 

 ficial barrier to prevent his sympathies extending 

 to the men of all nations and races. If, indeed, such 

 men are separated from him by great differences in 

 appearance or habits, experience unfortunately shows 

 us how long it is before we look at them as our fellow- 

 creatiu"es. ^ 



The inclusion of the entire human race within 



' The Descent of Man, p. 140. " Idem, p. 138. 



