better aerated; that is, the oxidization is more complete. It is also in 

 condition to absorb water more readily, and by using a disc harrow or 

 cultivator, it is easily pulverized. 



The Depth to Plow 

 is a question which deserves very careful consideration. Too often the 

 farmer is guided by the recommendation of an enthusiast who does not 

 appreciate the fact that universal deep plowing is not only apt to 

 diminish the crop, but in some instances may make the soil sterile for a 

 number of years. 



In discussing this matter, we will answer the all-important question, 

 "Is deep plowing advisable?" by saying "Yes" and "No." 



The depth to till, or, rather, to plow or use the subsoiler, depends 

 entirely upon the character of the soil and subsoil, the length of time the 

 land has been cultivated, and the depth of the soil. To recklessly 

 advocate deep tillage is nothing less than criminal. The farmer should 

 understand the value of humus, the phenomena of plant life and nature's 

 process of supplying plant roots with water, before he ventures too far. 

 To universally advocate deep plowing would be as inconsistent as advo- 

 cating the growing of cotton or rice in the northern states. 



In order to make this proposition plain, we will first note the chemical 

 requirements of the plant; second, the kind of soil which will permit of 

 deep tillage; third, the benefits of deep tillage in soils where conditions 

 are admissible, and the type of implements adapted to successful deep 

 tillage. 



New Deere Light-Draft Gang .. Stubble and Breaker Bottoms 



Humus or organic matter is absolutely essential to plant life. Humus 

 is decayed vegetable and animal matter. It is found in the top layer 

 of soil and varies in depth from an inch to several feet. Humus in 



