While no fast rules can be laid down governing the size of tile, a 

 main eight or ten inches in diameter and laterals four inches in diam- 

 eter will usually meet ordinary conditions unless the area drained is 

 exceedingly large. 



Number of Rods of Drain Tile Required per Acre 

 at Different Distances 



The following table will serve as a guide in ordering tile for a single 

 acre.. 



Depth of Drains 



It is entirely useless to lay drain tile one or two feet below the sur- 

 face. In order to secure the many benefits which may be gained, 

 the ditch should be not less than four feet deep. In some instances it 

 may be necessary, on account of the lay of the land, to place them at 

 less depth, but an effort should be made to secure an outlet which will 

 permit a depth of not less than four feet at the shallowest point. 



Drain tile should be below frost. If a drain tile freezes while filled 

 with water it will burst. 



How to Lay Pipe 



After the engineer has determined the route for each line, the 

 operation of digging the ditch and laying the tile should begin at the 

 outlet. If a middlebuster or heavy broad gauge plow is used, the first 

 foot of soil can be thrown out at little cost. If quick sand is encoun- 

 tered, a solid foundation should be secured in some way before the tile 

 are laid. 



IRRIGATION 



TO irrigate land successfully, several very important things must be 

 observed, otherwise the results sooner or later will be disappointing. 

 1. The field should be leveled or at least the surface made even. 

 All dead furrows and depressions must be remedied. 



