much fat, he decreases the carbohydrates and increases the feeds con- 

 taining a larger per cent of protein. He has always found it benelicial to 

 give his cows water with the chill taken oif in winter. This he is able to 

 do by having a steam pipe run from the milk house to the concrete drink- 

 ing tank. His advice is to have as large an assortment of feeds as pos- 

 sible and to cut and try until the best results are obtained. 

 One of his favorite mixtures is the following: 



18 to 20 pounds of clover, alfalfa, or cowpea hay. 

 80 to 40 pounds of silage. 



2 to 4 pounds of corn meal. 



2 to 3 pounds of ground oats or barley. 



1 to 2 pounds of linseed or cottonseed meal. 



Various Rations for Dairy Cows 



(By Henry) 



A Poor Ration — Timothy hay, 20 pounds; ground corn, 4 pounds; dried brewers' 



grains, 7 pounds. 

 A Fair Ration — Clover, 22 pounds; ground corn, 8 pounds. 

 An Ideal Ration — Corn silage, 40 pounds; clover hay, 15 pounds; cotton-seed meal, 



1 pound; ground corn, 3 pounds. 



To the above rations should be added all the roughages the cow will 

 eat. 



Roughages, Class One — Poor in digestible crude protein, poor in digestible carbo- 

 hydrates, high in fiber: Wheat straw, barley straw, marsh hay, salt marsh hay, 

 cotton-seed hulls, corn stover, oat straw, rye hay. 



Roughages, Class Two— Fair in digestible crude protein, fair in digestible carbo- 

 hydrates, considerable fiber: Timothy hay, redtop hay, Bermuda hay, John- 

 son-grass hay, sorghum fodder, Kaffir fodder, milo fodder, corn fodder, corn 

 silage, roots. 



Roughages, Class Three — Rich in digestible crude protein, fair in digestible carbo- 

 hydrates, considerable fiber: Alfalfa hay, red clover hay, cow pea hay, vetch 

 hay, soy bean hay, velvet bean hay, beggar-weed hay. 



Concentrates, Class Four — Fair in digestible crude protein, rich in digestible carbo- 

 hydrates, little fiber: Ground corn, corn-arid-cob meal, hominy feed, oats, 

 barley meal, emmer meal, rye meal, buckwheat meal, buckwheat bran, rice meal, 

 Kaffir, milo, dried beet pulp. 



Concentrates, Class Five — Rich in digestible crude protein, fair in digestible carbo- 

 hydrates, some fiber: Low-grade flour, wheat bran, wheat middlings, rye 

 bran, rye middlings. 



Concentrates, Class Six — Highest in digestible crude protein, fair in digestible carbo- 

 hydrates, little fiber: Gluten meal, gluten feed, buckwheat middlings, cow pea 

 meal, soy bean meal, linseed meal, field pea meal, cotton-seed meal, soy bean 

 cake meal, dried brewers' grains, dried distillers' grains. 



A Safe Guide 



When there is an ample supply of suitable roughages, the following 

 is a safe rule: 



Give to each cow as many pounds of concentrates daily as she yields 

 pounds of butter-fat weekly, or one pound of concentrates daily for 

 every three or four pounds of milk yielded daily. 



If rich silage is given, the amount of concentrates should be less. 



