266 INDEX. 



Cladocera, characters of the order, ii. 208 



Cladonia, structure of, i. 306 



Cladophora, structure of the genus, i. 222 



Cladophora pellucida, structure of, i. 222 



Claudea, structure of, i. 242 



Clavariei, structure and habitat of, i. 266 



Clio pyramidata, structure of, ii. 242, 243 



Cliona, structure and burrowing apparatus of, ii. 60 



Clione borealis, structure and habitat of, ii. 243 



fossil remains of, ii. 244 



Clostorium, double circulation of the internal fluid in, i. 193 

 Closterium lunula, structure and development of, i. 193 

 Cloud, force of the chemical combination requisite to form a, i. 98 

 Cloves, oil of, amount of radiant heat absorbed by the perfume of, i. 44 

 Club mosses. See Lycopodiaceae 

 Coal, i. 13 



effect of the consumption of a pound of, in a steam-engine, i. 29, 

 30 



energy in abeyance in the coal existing in the whole globe, i. 30 

 Coal gas, i. 117, 118 



poisonous quality of, i. 118 



explosive quality of, i. 1 1 8 



impurities from which it is freed, i. 118 



uses of the black foetid gas water resulting from the distillation of 



coals, i. 119 

 Coal tar, i. 120 



substances produced from, by distillation, i. 120 



colours, i. 121, 122 

 Cobalt, i. 4, 5 



crystals of, formed artificially by electricity, i. 74 



effect of heat in the magnetism of, i. 77 

 Coccocarpei, characters of, i, 307 

 Coccocarpia smaragdina, section of, i. 300 

 Coccospheres, found at a vast depth in the ocean, ii. 51 

 Cockle, structure and mode of life of the, ii. 230, 231 

 Codium, structure and habitat of, i. 219-224 

 Codium Bursa, structure of, i. 224 

 Codium tomentosum, structure of, i. 214 

 Coffee, active principle of, i. 428 

 Cohesion, properties of, i. 25 



in solids, i. 25 



in liquids, i. 25 



