So 



Company, and many others. The Mormugao harbour and rail- 

 way are being exploited by a British company, as already stated. 



Conclusion. 



Such a variety of economic resources and such a potentiality 

 of wealth offer to capital the best guarantee that could be required 

 "to develop the riches of Portugal and her colonies. 



What the Banco Nacional Ultramarine has done for the 

 Development of the Portuguese Colonies. 



The trade between Portugal and the African colonies, in the 

 early centuries, and up to the 19th century, was limited to ivory 

 -and slaves. Brazil was the colony par excellence when India wa& 

 lost to the Portuguese (17th century). All capital and attention 

 were drawn to Brazil, whose riches remunerated all the efforts of 

 the Portuguese. 



The abolition of slavery, the independence of Brazil, and 

 the weakness of the position in India influenced Portugal, in the 

 19th century, to pay some attention to her African colonies. The 

 experience of some Brazilian farmers, as well as the; growth of the 

 tropical plants that had been introduced into Africa, either from 

 Brazil or from the East, attracted a few colonists to San Thome, 

 to the Coast of Angola, and to the Zambesi banks, where farms 

 were established and tropical agriculture and trade with the 

 natives were exploited. It is a feature of agriculture in Portuguese 

 .Africa that trade with the natives must accompany all under- 

 takings. The natives like to have a shop at the place where they 

 are working. In Mozambique the trade with the natives is 

 -carried on by Asiatics. 



It is noteworthy that all along the old slave routes of Angola 

 there are beautiful palm trees and other plants such as cotton, 

 cinnamon, chinchona (quinine), fruit trees. It is self-evident that 

 these plants were introduced by the slave traders, who came from 



