11 



and the number of boats employed by them is 10,100. The big 

 fishing nets (seines) number 130. The catch is valued at approxi- 

 mately 30,000,000 escudos per annum. The quantities are not 

 given, excepkfor sardines (44,858 tons), tunny fish (1-2,000 tons), 

 and cod-fish (1-3,000 tons). 



There is a great variety of fish and sea products, but the 

 fish canning industries are especially concerned with sardines and 

 tunny fish. The exports under these headings amount to very 

 nearly 1,000,000. Brazil, the United States, the African Colonies, 

 Greece, Turkey, and France are among the best markets. 



The fish canning industry requires some 20,000 tons of tin- 

 plate per annum for the tin boxes. Tinplate costs over 500,000 

 per annum (average). 



Codfish is still imported from Newfoundland and Norway in 

 quantities of 30,000 tons per annum, valued at 1,000,000. The 

 catch of Portuguese vessels is 2,000 tons only per annum. 



Oysters have not had the l attention of capital as much as 

 they ought to. Portugal exports only 800,000 oysters to France 

 and Belgium. The London market, consuming 1,000,000,000 

 oysters, has been neglected. 



The sub-products of the fishing industry are not being 

 exploited to a great extent. Oils, skins, bones, guanos are not 

 being efficiently treated. They represent a source of riches still to 

 be utilised. 



Salt. 



Salt is very abundant. The output is 400,000 tons, and the 

 exports average at 100,000 tons per annum. The salt production 

 is unlimited considering that the crystallisation is estimated 

 at the rate of 500 tons per hectare of salt-pan or salt-pond. The 

 best known salt industries are situated in Aveiro, on the banks 

 of the Tagus, near Lisbon, at Setubal, Alcacer to Sal, and in 

 Algarve (Almargen, Tavira, Faro). There are salt rocks in the 

 country, but hitherto they have not been exploited. As chemical 

 industries are still in a backward state, the uses of salt are 

 restricted to food preserving and for table purposes. 



Wool Factories. 



The wool output of Portugal varies between 3,000 and 5,000 

 tons per annum. The quantity of wool imported from foreign 

 countries averages 2,500 tons per annum. 



The textile industry is centred on the slopes of the Serra da 

 Estrella mountains. Covilha is the chief woollen textile town 

 of the country with 103 wool factories. There are a few modern 



