02 



NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. 



From tlie rhizome arise branches bearing alternate leaves. In C. 

 pal list lis L.,' these are petiolate and have at the base a sort of sheath 

 like a membranous frill The blade is cordate, suborbicular, or 

 renilbrm, featl\er veined, crenulate, plane ; while in other species 

 which have been made the type of the genus Psi/crophihii this blade 

 lias lobes projecting in the Ibrm of internal auricles. The rest of 

 tlie organization is entirely the same. The flowers are solitary 

 and terminal, or grouped on the axes as in the species belong- 

 ing to Troll'iKS proper. The fruits are 

 follicles, which dehisce by the inner bor- 

 der to set free numerous seeds covered 

 externally by a well-developed arilloid 

 production (figs. 41, 42) arising from the 

 srreat thickeninsj of their external in- 

 teo;uments.^ 



Thus constituted,' our genus Trollius 

 also comprises Indian Alpine plants like 

 Calathodes and aquatic plants — the true 

 CaUha which inliabit the cold or temperate 

 regions of both Worlds,' and Psycrophila 

 found in the cold Antarctic Zone.'' 



On account of the multiovulate carpels, botanists have agreed in 



Caltha palustris. 

 Fig. 41. Fig. 42. 



Seed. 



Longitudinal 

 section of seed. 



' Spec, 784.— DC, Frodr., i. 44, n. 3.— Po- 

 pulago T., Lust., 273, t. 14, t. 145. The style 

 has two lateral stigmatiferous lips. The ovules 

 have two envelopes. 



■- DC, Si/sf., i. 307.— C Gay, FI. Cliil., i. 17, 

 t. 2. 



' Contrary to what is seen in many arillate 

 seeds where the aril consists of a cellular thick- 

 ening of the outer coat, limited to tlie upper part 

 (as is the case especially in the formation of 

 carunculse in the Euphorbiaca), in Callha it is 

 at tlic chalazal end that this hypertrophy gra- 

 dually takes place ; so that the rest of the integu- 

 ment remains very thin in proportion towards 

 the hihini and micropyle. Figs. 11, 42 will illus- 

 trate tins hotter than any possible description. 



'1. EutroUius. Leaves much dis- 

 sected. Flowers with a corolla, 

 calyx caducous. 



2. Ileqemone (BrxGE). The same, 

 but calyx persistent. 



3. Calathodes (Hook. & Th.). 

 Flowers apetalous. Leaves 

 dissected. 



Trolliiix 

 Sections 5. \ 



/ 



/4. Caltha (L.). Aquatic plants. 

 I Flowers apetalous. Leaves little 



Trollius. I cut up. Calyx persistent. 



Sections 5. | 5 Fsi/crophilia (DC). Same, but 



(•out. leaves with lobes projecting 



' inwards. Calyx caducous. 



^ Gren. & GoDR., Fl. Fr., i. 39. — Reichb., 

 Icon., iv. 101.— Hook. & Tn., Fl. Ind., i. 39.— 

 A. Gray, III., t. 10.— Benth. & Muell., FL 

 Attst. 1. 15. 



6 C Gay, Fl. Chil, i. 47-51. — Hook. F., Fl. 

 Antarct., ii. 228, t. 84.— Wedd., CMor.And., ii. 

 30(5, t. 82. 



It is only with great hesitation that we have 

 placed (Adavsonia, iv. 57) the genus Anento- 

 nopsis S. & Zucc. {Ft. Jap. Fain., 73, t. 1. — 

 Xaveria Endl., Gen., suppl. iv. 30), altogether 

 unknown to us, near the dichlamydeous sections 

 of Trollius. Its characters are as follows : Regular 

 flowers in lax racemes, recalling those of a double 

 Anemone. They possess a calyx of several leaves, 

 the three outer sepaloid, the inner ones petaloid ; 

 about twelve short sessile petals, having a necta- 

 riferous hollow in the thickened base ; indefinite 



