BILLENIACE/E. 



11'.'. 



distinct order for Billeniacca is due to Salisbury/ who proposed to 

 separate them from the MagnoUacece of Jussieu. Of this family 

 LiNN^us only knew Tetracera, Delima, Curatella, and IMenia ; 

 in his time the Australian species had not been studied. Adanson,- 

 who was only able to observe the Linna3an genera, was, as we have 

 already shown,' the first to discover the true affinities of the 

 BillemacecB, those now recognised by all botanists ; putting them 

 at the same time near llammcidacece, Maf/nolincea^ and Cistinea. 

 A. L. DE Jussieu' knew a larger number of genera which he scat- 

 tered more, putting Dillema and Curatella with MagnoUacece, Delima 

 Tetracera and Tigarea among Itosacece, and leaving Soramia of 

 AuBLET and Doliocarjms of Eolander among his " Genera incertce 

 sedis." To the genera then known Eottbcel added Wormia in 

 1783; Vahl added Schumacheria, and YA^i>i&hL, jDavida. Labii.- 

 lardiere and R. Brown first studied the Australian types, and 

 created, the former Pachgnema, the latter Candollea and Pleurandra. 

 De Candolle added another Australian genus, AdrastcBa, while 

 A. DE Saint-HiI;AIRE discovered the genus Empedoclea in Brazil. 

 Finally, to the English botanists Jack, Andrews, and Lindley, 

 we owe the foundation of the genera Acrotrema, Hibbertia, and 

 Actinidla, which raised to thirteen the number of genera we now 

 admit in the order BUleniacece. 



This is another order ""par encliainementy De Candolle" divided 

 it into two tribes, putting in the first, Delimerp, most of those 

 species which Jussieu had made Rosacece, and uniting Dillenia, 

 Wormia, and those Australian genera which were just then being 

 studied, into the second tribe, Ddlenica. This subdivision of the 

 family was adopted by most botanists, especially Lindley," who 

 placed among the Billeniece his genus Actinidia, and also Saiiraja,^ 

 now referred by most botanists to the Ternstroemicea, besides 

 Tetracarpaa,^ one of the Saxifrages. J. Gr. Agardh' distinguished 

 among the DUleniacea the types analogous to Wormia, whose close 

 analogies to MagnoUacece he recognised ; and the Ilibberfiacca, of 

 which he confirmed the relations with Cisfinece, TremandctP, and 



' Paradis. Land., 73. 



- Fam. des Flantes, \\. 364, 442, 450. 



^ Adansonia, vi. 272. 



* Genera Plantarum, 282, 339, 433. 



* Syst. Veg., \. 359; Prodr., i. 07. 



VOL. I. 



« Veg. Kiiigd., 424. Enduciikk, Oeii., 810, 

 subdivides tliis order in the same \v:iy. 



7 W., New Srhi: Gex. X<if. Bcrl., iii. W,. 

 « Hook. V., Hook. L-un., t. 2G I. 

 9 Tkeor. System. Plantar., 200. 



1 



