Cliap. 6.] ACCOTTNT OF THE WOELD. 31 



make their complete revolutions, as will be described in tbe 

 account of the great year^ 



(9.) But the Moon^, which is the last of the stars, and the 

 one the most connected with the earth, the remedy provided 

 by nature for darkness, excels all the others in its admirable 

 qualities. By the variety of appearances which it assumes, it 

 puzzles the observers, mortified that they should be the most 

 Ignorant concerning that star which is the nearest to them. 

 She is always either waxing or waning ; sometimes her disc 

 is curved into horns, sometimes it is £vided into two equal 

 portions, and at other times it is swelled out into a full orb ; 

 sometimes she appears spotted' and suddenly becomes veiy 

 bright ; she appears very large with her full orb and sud- 

 denly becomes invisible ; now continuing during all the night, 

 now rising late, and now aiding the light of the sim during 

 a part of the day ; becoming eclipsed and yet being visible 

 while she is echpsed ; concealing herself at the end of the 

 month and yet not supposed to be eclipsed''. Sometimes 

 she is low down, sometimes she is high up, and that not ac- 

 cording to one uniform course, being at one time raised up 



* Concerning the "magnus annus" Cicero remarks, "efficitur cum 

 solis et lunse et quinque errantium ad eandem inter se comparationem, 

 confectis omnibus spatiis, est facta conversio." De Nat. Deer. ii. 61. 

 See the remarks of Marcvis in Ajasson, ii, 281-3. 



* For the various appellations which the moon has received in the 

 ancient and modem languages, and their relation to each other, the reader 

 is referred to the learned remarks of Marcus in Ajasson, ii. 283-5. 



' Marcus conceives that the epithet maculosa does not refer to what 

 are called the spots on the moon, but to the circumstance of the edge of 

 the disc being not illuminated when it is near the full ; Ajasson, ii. 286. 

 But, from the way in which the word is employed at the end of the 

 chapter, and from the explanation which is given of the cause of the 

 "maculae," I tliink it ought to be referred to the spotted appearance of 

 the face of the moon. 



* " Quiun laborare non creditur." It was a vulgar notion among the 

 ancients, that when the moon is ecUpsed, she is suffering from the influ- 

 ence of magicians and enchanters, who are endeavouring to draw her 

 down to the earth, in order to aid them in their superstitious ceremonies. 

 It was conceived that she might be reHeved from her sufferings by loud 

 noises of various kinds which should drown the songs of the magicians. 

 Allusion is frequently made to this custom by the ancient poets, as Virgil, 

 Mn. i. 742, Mamlius, i. 227, and Juvenal, vi. 444 ; and the language has 

 been transferred to the modems, as in Beattie's Minstrel, ii. 47, " To 

 ease of fancied pangs the laboxiring moon." 



