Chap. 23.] ACCOTTNT OF THE WOELD. 57 



generally in that white part of it which has obtained the 

 name of the Milky "Way. Aristotle informs us that several 

 of them are to be seen at the same time\ but this, as far as 

 I know, has not been observed by any one else ; also that 

 they prognosticate high winds and great heat'. They are 

 also visible in the winter months, and about the south pole, 

 but thev have no rays proceeding from them. There waa a 

 dreadful one observed by the Ethiopians and the Egyptians, 

 to which Typhon, a king of that period, gave his own name ; 

 it had a fiery appearance, and was twisted like a spiral ; its 

 aspect was hideous, nor was it like a star, but rather like a 

 knot of fire*. Sometimes there are hairs attached to the 

 planets and the other stars. Comets are never seen in the 

 western part of the heavens. It is generally regarded as a 

 terrific star, and one not easily expiated ; as was the case with 

 the civil commotions in the consulship of Octavius, and also 

 in the war of Pompey and Cajsar*. And in our own age, 

 about the time when Claudius Caesar was poisoned and 

 left the Einpire to Domitius Nero, and afterwards, while the 

 latter was Emperor*, there was one which was almost con- 

 stantly seen and was very finghtfiil. It is thought important 

 to notice towards what part it darts its beams, or from what 

 star it receives its influence, what it resembles, and in what 

 places it shines. If it resembles a flute, it portends some- 



on tho contrary, remarks that comets are less frequently produced in the 

 northern part of the heavens ; Meteor, hb. i. cap. 6. p. 535. 



1 Ubi supra. ^ See Aristotle, ut supra^ p. 537. 



' " Videtur is non cometes fuisse, sed meteorus quidam ignis j " Alex- 

 andre in Lemaire, i. 296. 



■* Virgil, Geor. i. 488 ef seq., ManiUus, i. 904 et seq.^ and Lucan, i 

 526 et seq.j all speak of the comets and meteors that were observed 

 previous to the civil wars between Pompey and Csesar. In reference to 

 the existence of a comet about the time of JuHus Csesar, Playfair remarks, 

 that HaUey supposed the great comet of 1680 to have been the same that 

 appeared in the year 44 A.c, and again in Justinian's time, 521 P.O., and 

 also in 1106 ; Elem. Nat. Phil. ii. 197, 198. See Ptolemy's Cent. Diet, 

 no. 100, for the opinion, that comets presented an omen especially tm- 

 favourablo to kings. To this opinion the following passage in the 

 Paradise Lost obviously refers; "And with fear of change perplexes 

 monarchs." 



^ Seneca refers to the four comets that were seen, after the death of 

 Csesar, in the time of Augustus, of Claudius, and of Nero ; Qmest. Nat. L 7. 

 Suetonius mentions the comet which appeared previous to the death of 

 Claudius, cap. 46, and Tacitus that before the death of Nero, Ann. xiv. 22. 



