162 PLIJfX's NATUEAL HISTOET. [Book III. 



risdiction of Hispalis, and the Turduli, who dwell on the 

 verge ^ of Lusitania and Tarraconensis, and are under the 

 protection of the laws of Corduba. It is evident that the 

 Celtici have sprung from the Celtiberi, and have come from 

 Lusitania, from their religious rites, their language, and the 

 names of their towns, which in Baetica are distinguished by 

 the following epithets^, which have been given to them. 

 Seria has received the surname of Fama Julia^, Ner- 

 tobriga that of Concordia Julia"*, Segida that of Eestituta 

 Julia^ and Contributa" that of JuHa. What is now Curiga 

 was formerly Ucultuniacum, Constantia Julia^ was Laconi- 

 murgis, the present Fortunales were the Tereses^, and the 

 Emanici were the CaUenses^. Besides these, there are in 

 Celtica the towns of Acinippo^", Arunda", Aruci^^, Turo- 

 briga, Lastigi, Salpesa, Saepone, and Serippo. 



The other Bseturia, which we have mentioned, is inhabited 

 by the Turduli, and, in the jurisdiction of Corduba, has some 

 towns which are by no means inconsiderable; Arsa*-"*, 



Guadiana and Guadalquivir, the eastern parts of Alentejo and the west 

 of Estremadura, as fiar as the city of Badajoz. 



^ Probably part of Estremadura, and the vicinity of Badajoz in an 

 easterly direction. 



2 The exact meaning of this passage is somewhat obscure, but he pro- 

 bably means to say that the Celtici have an identity of sacred rites, lan- 

 guage, and names of towns with the Celtiberians ; though it had become 

 the usage in Bsetica more generally to distinguish the towns by their 

 Boman names. 



3 " The Fame of Julius." Its site is not known. 



* " The Concord of Julius." Probably the same as the modem Yalera 

 la Vega, near Frejenal. 



5 Probably meaning " Restored by Julius." Nothing is known of its site. 



* According to an authority quoted by Hardouin, this may possibly be 

 Medina de las Torres. 



7 Probably Constantina in Andalusia, to the north of Penaflor. 



® The tribe or nation of the Tereses are supposed to have dwelt in the 

 vicinity of the modem San Nicolo del Puerto. 



^ Calentum was their town ; probably the present Cazalla near Alania. 

 This place will be found mentioned by Pliny in B. xxxv. c. 14. 



^° The ruiijs two leagues north of Ronda la Vieja are supposed to bo 

 those of this place. There are the remains of an aqueduct and theatro, 

 and numerous coins are found here. 



1^ Probably the present Ronda la Vieja. 



^2 Identified by inscriptions with the present Aroche. The sites of 

 several of the following places are unknown. 



^ The Azuaga of modern times j but, according to Hardouin, Argallen. 



